Oa-teramardika (Bruchus rufimanus Boh.) sordieelistused
Laen...
Kuupäev
2022
Kättesaadav alates
01.12.2022
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Eesti Maaülikool
Abstrakt
Viimastel aastatel on Eestis seoses põldoa (Vicia faba L.) kasvupinna suurenemisega
hakanud laialt levima oa-teramardikas (Bruchus rufimanus Boh.). Oa-teramardikad
põhjustavad saagikadu ja mõjutab enam saagi turustatavust. Käesoleva uurimistöö
eesmärgiks on uurida, kas sordivaliku või katteloori kasutamine oleks oa-teramardika
tõrjes põhjendatud. Töös on seatud hüpoteesideks, et põldoa sortide atraktiivsus oateramardikale sõltub peamiselt sordi iseärasustest ning katteloor vähendab põldoa
seemnete oa-teramardika kahjustusi. Hüpoteesi kinnitamiseks või ümberlükkamiseks viidi
2021 aastal Eerikal läbi põldkatse, milles hinnati kuue põldoa sordi atraktiivsust kahjurile.
Statistilised analüüsid teostati programmiga Statistica 13.2. Põldoasortide mõju leiti
ühefaktorilise dispersioonanalüüsi abil. Variantide võrdlemisel kasutati Fisher LSD posthoc testi (p<0,05). Hüpotees leidis osaliselt kinnitust. Tulemusi mõjutasid kindlasti
katseaasta ekstreemsed ilmastikutingimused. Põud vähendas märkimisväärselt saagikust.
Põldoa seemnete oa-teramardika kahjustuse suurem tendents oli sortidel ‘Helbi’ ja
‘Jõgeva’. Katteloorita variantides oa-teramardikad eelistasid sorti ‘Lynx’ statistiliselt
vähem kui sorte ‘Helbi’ ja ‘Jõgeva’. Oa-teramardikate arvukuse alusel on sordid ‘Helbi’
ja ‘White Windsor’ vähem atraktiivsed võrreldes sortidega ‘Jõgeva’ või ‘Taifun’.
Katteloor soodustas oa-teramardikate kahjustusi kauntes. Töös on seatud hüpotees, et
katteloor vähendab põldoa seemnete oa-teramardika kahjustusi ei leidnud kinnitust.
Katteloor oa-teramardika tõrjeks ei sobi.
Due to the expansion of area under the cultivation of broad bean (Vicia faba L.) in Estonia, the population of the broad bean weevil (Bruchus rufimanus Boh.) has been increasing recently. Broad bean weevils cause a decrease in the yield of the broad bean and affect the marketability of the harvest. The aim of the present study was to examine whether the use of variety selection or garden fleece would be justified in the control of the broad bean weevil. In the work, hypotheses have been set that the different attractiveness of varieties to the broad bean weevil mainly depends on the characteristics of the variety of broad bean, and the garden fleece reduces broad bean weevil damage level in seeds. In order to confirm or refute the hypothesis, a field test was conducted in growing season 2021 in Eerika, the attractiveness of 6 broad bean varieties were evaluated for pest insects. Statistical analyses were conducted with the Statistica 13.2 programme. The impact of the apron varieties was found using a single-factor dispersion analysis, the use of Fisher LSD posthoc test (p<0.05) was used to compare the variants. Hypothesis was confirmed partly. The results were likely affected by the extreme weather conditions of the experiment 2021 year. The results showed that drought reduced the yield of broad bean significantly. The outcomes revealed that field varieties ‘Helbi’ and ‘Jõgeva’ had a higher tendency of the broad bean weevil damage to broad bean seeds. In variants without cover, the broad bean weevil preferred ‘Lynx’ statistically less than ‘Helbi’ and ‘Jõgeva’. The results showed that the broad bean weevil preferred less ‘Helbi and ‘White Windsor’ compared ‘Jõgeva’ or ‘Taifun’. The garden fleece promoted broad bean weevil damage in pods. Hypothesis that the garden fleece reduces broad bean weevil damage level in seeds was refuted. The garden fleece is not suitable for plant protection against the broad bean weevils.
Due to the expansion of area under the cultivation of broad bean (Vicia faba L.) in Estonia, the population of the broad bean weevil (Bruchus rufimanus Boh.) has been increasing recently. Broad bean weevils cause a decrease in the yield of the broad bean and affect the marketability of the harvest. The aim of the present study was to examine whether the use of variety selection or garden fleece would be justified in the control of the broad bean weevil. In the work, hypotheses have been set that the different attractiveness of varieties to the broad bean weevil mainly depends on the characteristics of the variety of broad bean, and the garden fleece reduces broad bean weevil damage level in seeds. In order to confirm or refute the hypothesis, a field test was conducted in growing season 2021 in Eerika, the attractiveness of 6 broad bean varieties were evaluated for pest insects. Statistical analyses were conducted with the Statistica 13.2 programme. The impact of the apron varieties was found using a single-factor dispersion analysis, the use of Fisher LSD posthoc test (p<0.05) was used to compare the variants. Hypothesis was confirmed partly. The results were likely affected by the extreme weather conditions of the experiment 2021 year. The results showed that drought reduced the yield of broad bean significantly. The outcomes revealed that field varieties ‘Helbi’ and ‘Jõgeva’ had a higher tendency of the broad bean weevil damage to broad bean seeds. In variants without cover, the broad bean weevil preferred ‘Lynx’ statistically less than ‘Helbi’ and ‘Jõgeva’. The results showed that the broad bean weevil preferred less ‘Helbi and ‘White Windsor’ compared ‘Jõgeva’ or ‘Taifun’. The garden fleece promoted broad bean weevil damage in pods. Hypothesis that the garden fleece reduces broad bean weevil damage level in seeds was refuted. The garden fleece is not suitable for plant protection against the broad bean weevils.
Kirjeldus
Bakalaureusetöö
Aianduse õppekaval
Märksõnad
bakalaureusetööd, põlduba, katteloor, kahjur, atraktiivsus