Plastmasside eelkuivatamise energiatõhusus
Laen...
Kuupäev
2019
Kättesaadav alates
27.11.2019
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Eesti Maaülikool
Abstrakt
Tänapäeva tihe konkurents autotööstuses esitab survevaluettevõttes toodetavate
plastikdetailide kvaliteedile väga kõrgeid nõudmisi. Plastikmaterjali korrektne
eelkuivatamine annab olulise panuse kvaliteetse toodangu valmistamisel, võimaldades
vähendada mehaaniliste omaduste ja visuaalse väljanägemise poolest mittevastuvõetavate
toodete hulka. Plastmasside kuivatamine on võrdlemisi energiamahukas tegevus,
hõlmates ligi kümnendiku kogu tehase energiatarbest. Sellest faktis lähtudes on energia
kokkuhoiu huvides vaja uurida, kas plastmasside kuivatamisprotsessi käigus esineb
energiaraiskamist ja mil viisil oleks võimalik sellist raiskamist vähendada. Kuna
plastikute niiskussisalduse reaalajas mõõtmine pole triviaalne tegevus, siis on
materjalitootjad vastuvõetava niiskussisalduse saavutamiseks ette näinud kindlad
protseduurid ja režiimid plastiku kuivatamiseks, määrates kindla kuivatustemperatuuri ja
aja kui kaua materjal kuivatis peab olema. Autor üritab antud töös katseliselt tuvastada,
kas materjal tõesti vajab nii pikka kuivatusaega kui tootja on ette näinud. Katsetuste käigus
selgus, et tõepoolest teatud juhtudel on võimalik kuivatusaega märkimisväärselt
lühendada ja sellest tulenevalt ka energiat kokku hoida. Antud töö loob eeldused
edasisteks uuringuteks, millest autori hinnangul ambitsioonikaim on materjali
niiskussisalduse reaalajas kuivati juures mõõtmine ning sellest loogiliselt järelduvana
kuivatusprotsessi täielik automatiseerimine, lõppeesmärgina kasutada kuivatamiseks
kuluvat energiat võimalikult efektiivselt.
Intense competition in the automotive industry places very high demands on the quality of plastic parts produced by an injection molding company. Correct pre-drying of the plastic material makes an important contribution to the manufacturing of high quality products, reducing significantly the amount of products that are unacceptable in terms of mechanical properties and visual appearance. Drying of plastics is a relatively energy intensive activity, accounting for about one tenth of the total energy consumption of the plant. So in order to save energy, it is necessary to investigate whether and how energy wastage occurs during the drying process. Because real-time measurement of the moisture content in plastics is generally not a trivial task, material manufacturers have established specific procedures and modes for drying the plastic to achieve acceptable moisture content, by specifying a correct drying temperature and the length of time the material should remain in the dryer. The author tries to determine whether the material really needs the amount of drying time as the manufacturers have proposed. It was found during tests that in some cases it is possible to significantly reduce the drying time and, consequently, to save energy. This thesis provides the basis for further research, of which the author considers the most ambitious the real-time measurement of the moisture content of the material at the dryer and, consequently, the complete automation of the drying process, with the ultimate goal of using energy for drying as efficiently as possible.
Intense competition in the automotive industry places very high demands on the quality of plastic parts produced by an injection molding company. Correct pre-drying of the plastic material makes an important contribution to the manufacturing of high quality products, reducing significantly the amount of products that are unacceptable in terms of mechanical properties and visual appearance. Drying of plastics is a relatively energy intensive activity, accounting for about one tenth of the total energy consumption of the plant. So in order to save energy, it is necessary to investigate whether and how energy wastage occurs during the drying process. Because real-time measurement of the moisture content in plastics is generally not a trivial task, material manufacturers have established specific procedures and modes for drying the plastic to achieve acceptable moisture content, by specifying a correct drying temperature and the length of time the material should remain in the dryer. The author tries to determine whether the material really needs the amount of drying time as the manufacturers have proposed. It was found during tests that in some cases it is possible to significantly reduce the drying time and, consequently, to save energy. This thesis provides the basis for further research, of which the author considers the most ambitious the real-time measurement of the moisture content of the material at the dryer and, consequently, the complete automation of the drying process, with the ultimate goal of using energy for drying as efficiently as possible.
Kirjeldus
Bakalaureusetöö
Tehnika ja tehnoloogia õppekaval
Märksõnad
bakalaureusetööd, veesisaldus, polümeerid, kastepunkt, survevalu