Kase (Betula spp.) tüvepuidu mädanikku ja värvimuutusi tekitavad seened
Laen...
Kuupäev
2012
Kättesaadav alates
ainult raamatukogus, only in library
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Abstrakt
Käesolev bakalaureusetöö teema valiti põhjusel, et kase tüvemädanike ja värvimuutuste põhjustajaid Eestis on suhteliselt vähe uuritud ning ei ole ülevaadet selle kohta, kui oluliselt on mädaniku ja värvimuutuste tekitajad kaasikutes levinud.
Töö eesmärgiks on kase puidumädanikest ja värvimuutustest ülevaate saamine viie puistu näitel. Töö teoreetilises osas anti ülevaade olulisemate kase puitu kahjustavate seenhaiguste kohta. Uurimuslik osa seisneb seene viljakehade vaatluses ning juurekaelalt võetud juurdekasvuproovide analüüsis.
Töö tulemuseks on teoreetiline ülevaade kaske kahjustavatest seentest. Uurimuse käigus selgitati välja visuaalselt hinnatavate kahjustuste ulatus. Mädaniku ja värvimuutustega puude osakaaluks viie kõdusoo kaasiku baasil saadi 37,5%, puistu vanuses 50-64 aastat. Puhaskultuuri isoleeritud seentest määrati mikroskopeerimise teel kolme seene perekonda. DNA metoodikat kasutades määrati neli seent, millest üks on kasetüves värvimuutusi tekitav seenpatogeen.
Käesoleva töö tulemuseana selgub, et kaasikutes on mädaniku osakaal oluline ning vajaks enam analüüse ja enam proovide kogumist mädaniku ja värvimuutustega puude osakaalu hindamiseks erineva vanusega kaasikutes ja kasvukohatüüpides.
This topic of thesis was selected because the causes of birch stem rot and discolouration in Estonia are relatively less studied. There is not enough attention turned to the birch stem rot and discoloration. The aim of the work was to get an overview of stem rot and discolouration using the five sampling birch stands on drained peatland forest site type. The theoretical part is to provide an overview of the major damaging fungal diseases of birch wood. The research part consists of the survey of fruiting bodies and the analysis of increment borer, and samples were collected from the tree collars. The research results in theoretical part gave an overview of the birch-injurious fungi. Visible lesions on birch stem were identified during the survey. Level of rot and discolouration on infected trees was 37.5%, which is based on the data from five birch stands. There were determined three fungi from pure culture on genus level and four fungi on species level, one determined fungus species was reason of stem discoloration. This study shows that in birch stands, there are significant amount rotten and discoloured trees. This kind of analyses will need more analyses and research in different age and site types of birch stands.
This topic of thesis was selected because the causes of birch stem rot and discolouration in Estonia are relatively less studied. There is not enough attention turned to the birch stem rot and discoloration. The aim of the work was to get an overview of stem rot and discolouration using the five sampling birch stands on drained peatland forest site type. The theoretical part is to provide an overview of the major damaging fungal diseases of birch wood. The research part consists of the survey of fruiting bodies and the analysis of increment borer, and samples were collected from the tree collars. The research results in theoretical part gave an overview of the birch-injurious fungi. Visible lesions on birch stem were identified during the survey. Level of rot and discolouration on infected trees was 37.5%, which is based on the data from five birch stands. There were determined three fungi from pure culture on genus level and four fungi on species level, one determined fungus species was reason of stem discoloration. This study shows that in birch stands, there are significant amount rotten and discoloured trees. This kind of analyses will need more analyses and research in different age and site types of birch stands.
Kirjeldus
Märksõnad
Betula spp., tüvemädanik, värvimuutused, puhaskultuur, DNA analüüs, bakalaureusetööd