Autolüüsitud pärmi mõju piimalehmade energiabilansile ja ainevahetusele üleminekuperioodil
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Kuupäev
2024
Kättesaadav alates
13.09.2024
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Eesti Maaülikool
Abstrakt
Magistritöö on osa Eesti Maaülikooli söötmisteaduse õppetooli täidetavast projektist „Uudse, tervist toetava täiendsööda välja töötamine uuslüpsiperioodiks maksimaalselt ära kasutades lehmade aretusega saavutatud toodangu võimekust“. Üleminekuperiood, kolm nädalat enne kuni kolm nädalat peale poegimist, on piimalehmade jaoks kriitiline aeg, sest nende ainevahetuses toimub palju muutusi kiire toitefaktorite tarbe kasvu tõttu. Autolüüsitud pärmi Levabon® Rumen E söötmise mõju pole teadaolevalt varem üleminekuperioodil uuritud ning Eestis pole autolüüsitud pärmi söötmise mõju lehmadele varem uuritud. Töö peamiseks eesmärgiks oli uurida autolüüsitud pärmi (Levabon® Rumen E) söötmise mõju lehmade energiabilansile ja ainevahetusele üleminekuperioodil. Valim koosnes 20-st korduvpoeginud, teisel kuni neljandal laktatsioonil olevast eesti holsteini tõugu lehmast, kes poegisid ajavahemikul 2022. aasta märtsist kuni 2023. aasta märtsini. Vastavalt eeldatavale poegimisajale jaotati lehmad kas kontrollrühma, kus nad ei saanud autolüüsitud pärmi (n=10) või katserühma (n=10), kus söödeti lisaks 10,25 g autolüüsitud pärmi päevas. Katseperiood algas nädal enne eeldatavat poegimist ja lõppes kolm nädalat peale poegimist. Autolüüsitud pärmi söötmine ei avaldanud positiivset mõju üleminekuperioodi lehmade kuivaine söömusele, energiabilansile, piimatoodangule, toitumushindele ja vere metaboliitidele. Seega ei toetanud autolüüsitud pärmi söötmine antud tingimustes lehma ainevahetuse poegimisjärgset kohanemist kõrge piimatoodanguga. Samas kinnitasid saadud tulemused kuivaine söömuse, energiabilansi, esterdumata rasvhapete, β-hüdroksübutüraadi ja toitumushinde vahelisi seoseid, mida madalam oli kuivaine söömus, seda negatiivsem oli lehmade energiabilanss, kõrgem esterdumata rasvhapete ja β-hüdroksübutüraadi sisaldus veres ning madalam toitumushinne. Lisandite söötmine ei pruugi alati põhjendatud olla, sest nende mõju võib avalduda ainult teatud tingimustes ning avaldumine võib sõltuda paljudest erinevatest teguritest.
This Master’s thesis is part of the project „Development of a novel and health-enhancing complementary feed that improves the production of a transition dairy cow” carried out by the Chair of Animal Nutrition of Estonian University of Life Sciences. The transition period, three weeks before and three weeks after parturition, is a critical period for dairy cows characterized by several metabolic changes in response to rapid increase in nutrient demands. The effect of supplementing autolyzed yeast has not been previously studied during the transition period and in Estonia altogether. The aim of this Master’s thesis was to evaluate the effect of supplementation of autolyzed yeast (Levabon® Rumen E) on energy balance and metabolism in transition dairy cows. Twenty, second to fourth lactation multiparous Estonian Holstein cows were enrolled from March 2022 to March 2023 and sequentially divided into two feeding groups based on their expected calving date: control group (n=10) and test group daily supplementation of 10,25 g of autolyzed yeast (n=10). The experimental period started one week before the expected calving date and ended three weeks after calving. Supplemented autolyzed yeast did not have a positive effect on dry matter intake, energy balance, milk production, body condition score and blood metabolites in transition dairy cows. Thus, the results indicate that under trial conditions supplementing autolyzed yeast did not support the postpartum adaptation of the cow's metabolism to high milk production. However, the obtained results confirmed the relationships between dry matter intake, energy balance, non-esterified fatty acids, β-hydroxybutyrate and body condition score, namely the lower the dry matter intake, the more negative the energy balance of the cows’, the higher the content of non-esterified fatty acids and β-hydroxybutyrate in the blood, and the lower the body condition score. Consequently, feeding supplements may not always be justified, because their effect may only present itself under certain conditions.
This Master’s thesis is part of the project „Development of a novel and health-enhancing complementary feed that improves the production of a transition dairy cow” carried out by the Chair of Animal Nutrition of Estonian University of Life Sciences. The transition period, three weeks before and three weeks after parturition, is a critical period for dairy cows characterized by several metabolic changes in response to rapid increase in nutrient demands. The effect of supplementing autolyzed yeast has not been previously studied during the transition period and in Estonia altogether. The aim of this Master’s thesis was to evaluate the effect of supplementation of autolyzed yeast (Levabon® Rumen E) on energy balance and metabolism in transition dairy cows. Twenty, second to fourth lactation multiparous Estonian Holstein cows were enrolled from March 2022 to March 2023 and sequentially divided into two feeding groups based on their expected calving date: control group (n=10) and test group daily supplementation of 10,25 g of autolyzed yeast (n=10). The experimental period started one week before the expected calving date and ended three weeks after calving. Supplemented autolyzed yeast did not have a positive effect on dry matter intake, energy balance, milk production, body condition score and blood metabolites in transition dairy cows. Thus, the results indicate that under trial conditions supplementing autolyzed yeast did not support the postpartum adaptation of the cow's metabolism to high milk production. However, the obtained results confirmed the relationships between dry matter intake, energy balance, non-esterified fatty acids, β-hydroxybutyrate and body condition score, namely the lower the dry matter intake, the more negative the energy balance of the cows’, the higher the content of non-esterified fatty acids and β-hydroxybutyrate in the blood, and the lower the body condition score. Consequently, feeding supplements may not always be justified, because their effect may only present itself under certain conditions.
Kirjeldus
Magistritöö
Loomakasvatuse õppekaval
Märksõnad
magistritööd, kuivaine söömus, piimatoodang, toitumus, vere metaboliidid