Energia tähtsusest sporthobuste söötmisel
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Kuupäev
2013
Kättesaadav alates
ainult raamatukogus, only in library
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Abstrakt
Hobused on rohusööjad, kuid nende seedeprotsess on mäletsejalistest palju erinev.
Evolutsiooniliselt on hobused mäletsejalistest palju vanemad ja nad on kohanenud tarbima
kiurikast rohtu, läbides selleks suuri vahemaid. Tänapäeval on hobuste kasutus inimese poolt
oluliselt muutunud, üha vähem kasutatakse teda töö tegemisel, üha enam sporthobusena.
Sporthobusena kasutatakse hobust väga erinevatel eelmärkidel, selle nimel tehakse sihikindlat
aretustööd, selle nimel uuritakse hobuste toitumise füsioloogiat. Käesolevas bakalaureusetöös
selgitatakse põhjalikumalt sporthobuste söötmise üht tahku – sporthobuste energiavajadust ja
energiakasutust erinevat tüüpi füüsilise koormuse korral.
Sporthobuste söötmine on väga individuaalne, see sõltub hobuse vanusest, füüsilisest
koormusest, temperamenditüübist, tõust, keskkonnatingimustest jne. Hobused, sealhulgas
sporthobused on söötade kvaliteedi suhtes palju tundlikumad kui mäletsejalised, sagedased on
hobustel ka mitmesugused ainevahetushaigused, mis tulenevad eeskätt kergestiseeduvate süsivesikute liigsest söötmisest. Selleks, et vältida söötmisega seotud haigusi, et hobused
oleksid terved ja võimelised taluma suuri koormuseid võistlustel ja treeningutel, tuleb tunda
hobuste toitumisfüsioloogiat.
This dissertation for the Bachelor`s degree explains how the demand for energy – one of the most important nutritional factor - can be covered for horses in different workloads. Most of the dissertation has been put together as a review of different studies; nevertheless, it involves a chapter in which I express my experiences on feeding and training horses. An overview is given on digestion system, on digestion processes and on the most relevant feeding related disorders. The metabolism of energy makes up one part of my work. I discuss how fast different organic substances oxidise in organism into metabolic energy and how efficiently it is used by sport horses on different workloads. Sport horses can be categorised into three groups according to their need for metabolic energy: 1) trotting horses and racing horses who need a lot of metabolic energy in relatively short period, 2) show jumping and dressage horses whose energy demand during the competition is not high and who do not need special energy rich feed beforehand, 3) endurance horse, who covers a lot of ground during the race and therefore are in need for a energy source that oxidises slowly. In horse feeding every single one must be taken as individual. Breed, character type, condition, the intensity and duration of the training – all of which have to be taken account for. Working on the dissertation gave me much enjoyment, even though I took on a huge challenge; I was enthusiastic to finish it throughout the process. Horses and horse racing are my biggest hobby and working on this project gave me a lot of new knowledge which I most certainly try to use in practice and if possible share with others
This dissertation for the Bachelor`s degree explains how the demand for energy – one of the most important nutritional factor - can be covered for horses in different workloads. Most of the dissertation has been put together as a review of different studies; nevertheless, it involves a chapter in which I express my experiences on feeding and training horses. An overview is given on digestion system, on digestion processes and on the most relevant feeding related disorders. The metabolism of energy makes up one part of my work. I discuss how fast different organic substances oxidise in organism into metabolic energy and how efficiently it is used by sport horses on different workloads. Sport horses can be categorised into three groups according to their need for metabolic energy: 1) trotting horses and racing horses who need a lot of metabolic energy in relatively short period, 2) show jumping and dressage horses whose energy demand during the competition is not high and who do not need special energy rich feed beforehand, 3) endurance horse, who covers a lot of ground during the race and therefore are in need for a energy source that oxidises slowly. In horse feeding every single one must be taken as individual. Breed, character type, condition, the intensity and duration of the training – all of which have to be taken account for. Working on the dissertation gave me much enjoyment, even though I took on a huge challenge; I was enthusiastic to finish it throughout the process. Horses and horse racing are my biggest hobby and working on this project gave me a lot of new knowledge which I most certainly try to use in practice and if possible share with others
Kirjeldus
Märksõnad
sporthobused, energia, bakalaureusetööd