Väetamise mõju vahekultuuride biomassile ja toitainete sidumisele
Laen...
Kuupäev
2020
Kättesaadav alates
27.08.2020
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Eesti Maaülikool
Abstrakt
Vahekultuuride kasvatamine külvikorras aitab vältida toitainete leostumist põhikultuuride
vahelisel perioodil ja parandada mullaviljakust. Vahekultuuride efektiivseks toitainete
sidumiseks on vajalik tagada nende suur biomass. Bakalaureusetöö eesmärgiks on
selgitada välja väetamise mõju vahekultuuride biomassile ja toitainete sisaldumisele. Töö
käigus analüüsiti kokku nelja erinevat katset (ETKI katse, OÜ Rannu Seeme katse ja kaks
katset OÜ Erumäe Kari maadel), mis viidi läbi 2016-2019. aastatel. Katsetes kasutati
erinevaid vahekultuuride segusid mida väetati kas mineraalse lämmastikväetisega või
orgaanilise väetisega. ETKI katses kasutatud neljast vahekultuurist (kesaredis, keerispea,
valge sinep ja tatar) avaldas mineraalväetise kasutamine usutavat mõju vaid kesaredise
biomassile. OÜ Rannu Seeme katses uuriti väetamise mõju kahele vahekultuuride segule:
Segu H (põldhernes, keerispea ja tatar) ning Segu V (talivikk, keerispea ja tatar).
Mineraalväetisega väetamine mõjutas rohkem Segu H-d. OÜ Erumäe Kari maadele rajati
vedelsõnnikuga väetamise katse kahel aastal. Vedelsõnnikuga väetamine suurendas
mõlemal aastal vahekultuuride biomassi. Töös selgus, et nii mineraal- kui orgaaniline
väetamine mõjutab vahekultuuride biomassi ja toitainete sidumist. Antud tööl on ka
edasiuurimise perspektiivi. Uurida saaks näiteks toitainete leostumist või vedelsõnniku
mulda viimist koos vahekultuuride seemnetega.
In the modern agricultural sector, it is important to place great emphasis on maintaining and improving soil health. Healthy soil with high content of organic matter is the basis of successful agriculture. Cover crops are grown in fallow periods of cropping systems to protect the soil from nutrient loss and improve soil fertility. For sufficient nutrient accumulation, it is essential to produce high amount of biomass. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of fertilization on the biomass and nutrient accumulation of cover crops. Four different experiments were carried out between 2016-2019 at Estonian Crop Research Institute (ECRI), OÜ Rannu Seeme and OÜ Erumäe Kari. Different cover crop mixtures used in the experiments were fertilized with either a mineral or organic fertilizer. Of the four cover crops used in the ECRI experiment (forage radish, phacelia, white mustard and buckwheat), the use of mineral fertilizer had effect only on the biomass of forage radish. The effect of fertilization were studied in the experiment of OÜ Rannu Seeme on two mixtures of catch crops: Mixture H (field pea, phacelia and buckwheat) and Mixture V (hairy vetch, phacelia and buckwheat). Fertilization with mineral fertilizer had a greater effect on Mixture H. In the two year experiment at OÜ Erumäe Kari, liquid manure fertilization increased the biomass of cover crops in both years. The study indicated that both mineral and organic fertilizers affect biomass and nutrient accumulation of cover crops. Further research seems necessary to investigate nutrient leaching and the incorporation of liquid manure into the soil with cover crop seeds.
In the modern agricultural sector, it is important to place great emphasis on maintaining and improving soil health. Healthy soil with high content of organic matter is the basis of successful agriculture. Cover crops are grown in fallow periods of cropping systems to protect the soil from nutrient loss and improve soil fertility. For sufficient nutrient accumulation, it is essential to produce high amount of biomass. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of fertilization on the biomass and nutrient accumulation of cover crops. Four different experiments were carried out between 2016-2019 at Estonian Crop Research Institute (ECRI), OÜ Rannu Seeme and OÜ Erumäe Kari. Different cover crop mixtures used in the experiments were fertilized with either a mineral or organic fertilizer. Of the four cover crops used in the ECRI experiment (forage radish, phacelia, white mustard and buckwheat), the use of mineral fertilizer had effect only on the biomass of forage radish. The effect of fertilization were studied in the experiment of OÜ Rannu Seeme on two mixtures of catch crops: Mixture H (field pea, phacelia and buckwheat) and Mixture V (hairy vetch, phacelia and buckwheat). Fertilization with mineral fertilizer had a greater effect on Mixture H. In the two year experiment at OÜ Erumäe Kari, liquid manure fertilization increased the biomass of cover crops in both years. The study indicated that both mineral and organic fertilizers affect biomass and nutrient accumulation of cover crops. Further research seems necessary to investigate nutrient leaching and the incorporation of liquid manure into the soil with cover crop seeds.
Kirjeldus
Bakalaureusetöö
Põllumajandussaaduste tootmise ja turustamise õppekaval
Märksõnad
bakalaureusetööd, vahekultuurid, orgaaniline aine, väetamine