Keskkonna DNA metoodika sobivuse hindamine lõhilaste parasiidi (Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae) tuvastamiseks veekogudes
Laen...
Kuupäev
2018
Kättesaadav alates
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Eesti Maaülikool
Abstrakt
Kliima soojenemine ja antropogeensed stressorid on esile kutsunud proliferatiivse neeruhaiguse (PKD)
üha tõsisemad puhangud ja kiire leviku laienemise, mistõttu pööratakse selle uurimisele üha rohkem
tähelepanu. Traditsiooniliste meetoditega on aga haiguse tuvastamine ressursi- ning töömahukas,
limiteerides piisavaid uuringuid. Alternatiiviks traditsioonilistele meetoditele hinnati käesolevas töös
keskkonna DNA (eDNA) metoodika sobilikkust PKD haigustekitaja Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae
veeproovidest tuvastamiseks. Laboris välja töötatud metoodika katsetamiseks looduslikes tingimustes
analüüsiti kahe vooluveekogu veeproove, kus PKD esinemine oli juba varasemalt teada.
Haiguspuhangute esinemisperioodi katva proovivõtuperioodi vältel koguti proovid kummagi veekogu
neljast proovivõtukohast, mis paikenesid erinevates veekogu ülem- ja alamjooksu osades.
Proovivõtupaikadesse olid paigaldatud temperatuuriandurid, et hinnata veetemperatuuri võimalikku
mõju parasiidi esinemisele. Tulemustest ilmnes T. bryosalmonae selgelt kõrgem esinemissagedus
alamjooksu proovivõtupunktides. Lisaks omasid haigustekitajate esinemisele positiivset mõju
veetemperatuur ja filtreeritud proovikogus. Siiski sõltub eDNA metoodika efektiivsus erinevate
tegurite komplekssest koosmõjust, mille täpsemaks välja selgitamiseks on vaja läbi viia täiendavaid
uuringuid. Käesolevaid uurimistulemusi saab rakendada metoodika edasiarenduseks ja efektiivsemate
ning usaldusväärsemate lahenduste välja töötamiseks.
Global warming along with the anthropogenic stressors have provoked the rapid dispersion and severe outbreaks of the proliferative kidney disease (PKD), thus it has recently gained a great deal of interest from various fields. Detecting PKD with traditional methods used so far, has been very demanding and time consuming, thus limiting adequate monitoring. As an alternative to the traditional methods, this study aimed to apply the environmental DNA (eDNA) as a resourceful tool to detect the causative organism (Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae) of the PKD from the natural river water samples with known previous precense of the PKD. During the PKD occurrence period (June-September, 2016), water samples were were collected from four different sites from two different rivers. For assessing the possible effect of the water temperature to the parasite prevalence, real-time data loggers were installed into each site. Sampling sites were located in different parts of the rivers in order to assess the distribution of the parasites. Results indicate the higher prevalence rate of T. bryosalmonae in downstream sampling sites in both rivers. In addition, positive effect was detected between the water temperature and the filtered volume related to the PKD prevalence. Hereby it is suggested that the efficiency of the particular eDNA method to detect the PKD agents from wild, depends of complex interaction of various factors and therefore more research needs to be conducted in future. The outcome and the information of given study can be further used for development of more efficient and reliable method to detect the T. bryosalmonae.
Global warming along with the anthropogenic stressors have provoked the rapid dispersion and severe outbreaks of the proliferative kidney disease (PKD), thus it has recently gained a great deal of interest from various fields. Detecting PKD with traditional methods used so far, has been very demanding and time consuming, thus limiting adequate monitoring. As an alternative to the traditional methods, this study aimed to apply the environmental DNA (eDNA) as a resourceful tool to detect the causative organism (Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae) of the PKD from the natural river water samples with known previous precense of the PKD. During the PKD occurrence period (June-September, 2016), water samples were were collected from four different sites from two different rivers. For assessing the possible effect of the water temperature to the parasite prevalence, real-time data loggers were installed into each site. Sampling sites were located in different parts of the rivers in order to assess the distribution of the parasites. Results indicate the higher prevalence rate of T. bryosalmonae in downstream sampling sites in both rivers. In addition, positive effect was detected between the water temperature and the filtered volume related to the PKD prevalence. Hereby it is suggested that the efficiency of the particular eDNA method to detect the PKD agents from wild, depends of complex interaction of various factors and therefore more research needs to be conducted in future. The outcome and the information of given study can be further used for development of more efficient and reliable method to detect the T. bryosalmonae.
Kirjeldus
Magistritöö
Vee ja maismaa ökosüsteemide rakendusbioloogia õppekaval
Märksõnad
magistritööd, neeruhaigused, lõhilased, DNA