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The content of weed seeds in the soil based on the management system

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dc.contributor.authorKuht, Jaan
dc.contributor.authorEremeev, Viacheslav
dc.contributor.authorTalgre, Liina
dc.contributor.authorMadsen, Helena
dc.contributor.authorToom, Merili
dc.contributor.authorMäeorg, Erkki
dc.contributor.authorLoit, Evelin
dc.contributor.authorLuik, Anne
dc.contributor.departmentEstonian University of Life Scienceseng
dc.date.accessioned2017-11-01T12:15:22Z
dc.date.available2017-11-01T12:15:22Z
dc.date.issued2017
dc.descriptionArticleeng
dc.description.abstractIn 2008 an experiment was set up on the field in Eerika experimental station (Estonian University of Life Sciences) as a 5-field crop rotation: barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) with undersown red clover, red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), pea (Pisum sativum L.), potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). The objective of the study was to measure the content of weed seeds in the soil and to evaluate the diversity of the species at the beginning of the period of organic production in 2011. In conventional farming systems without fertilizer (Con I) and conventional farming with mineral fertilizer (Con II) herbicides were used for weed control. All the crops in Con II system received P 25 kg ha-1 and K 95 kg ha-1 , but the application rates of mineral nitrogen fertilizer differed. In organic systems (Org I – organic farming based on winter cover crop and Org II – organic farming based on winter cover crop and manure), the winter cover crops (ryegrass after winter wheat, winter oilseed rape after pea, winter rye after potato) were sown after the harvest and were ploughed into the soil as green manure in spring. Organic farming systems (Org II) had a negative effect on the content of weed seeds in the soil (2.0–22.7% less seeds than in other variants). The seeds of Chenopodium album were the most abundant among summer annual weeds and the seeds of Viola arvensis among winter weeds in the soil. Organic farming measures increased the domination of Chenopodium album – the dominance index D’ was increased by 0.09–0.14 compared to conventional variants. The content of seeds of winter weed Viola arvensis in Org II variant was decreased by 82%. The index of species evenness J’ and Shannon Wiener diversity index H’ were lower in organic plots by 0.10– 0.18 and 0.60–0.19, respectively. Org II variants showed the best results based on the decrease of soil weed seed bank and distribution of the weed species.eng
dc.identifier.issn1406-894X
dc.identifier.publicationAgronomy Research, 2017, vol. 15, no. 5, pp. 1934-1943eng
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10492/3712
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.15159/ar.17.068
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2009 by Estonian University of Life Sciences, Latvia University of Agriculture, Aleksandras Stulginskis University, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form, or by any means, electronic or mechanical, incl. photocopying, electronic recording, or otherwise without the prior written permission from the Estonian University of Life Sciences, Latvia University of Agriculture, Aleksandras Stulginskis University, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestryeng
dc.subjectorganic farmingeng
dc.subjectwinter cover cropseng
dc.subjectweed seedseng
dc.subjectspecies diversityeng
dc.subjectarticleseng
dc.titleThe content of weed seeds in the soil based on the management systemeng
dc.typeArticleeng

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2017, Vol. 15, No. 5