Uikala prügila metaanilagunduskatte uuring
Laen...
Kuupäev
2019
Kättesaadavus
1.09.2019
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Eesti Maaülikool
Abstrakt
Prügila on suur bioreaktor, mille sees tekib prügilagaas orgaanilise materjali anaeroobse
lagunemise tõttu. Vastavalt Euroopa õigusaktidele tuleks prügilagaasi heitkoguseid hoida
võimalikult madalana. Prügilagaasi saab kasutada energia tootmiseks, kuid kui kogumine
on majanduslikult ebaefektiivne, siis alternatiivina oleks atraktiivne võimalus katta prügila
bioaktiivse kihiga, et lagundada metaan prügila kattekihi sees. Toimivas Uikala prügilas on
palju jäätmete mehaanilisel-bioloogilisel töötlemisel (MBT) järel jäänud peenfraktsiooni,
mida saaks prügila katmiseks ära kasutada. Uikalas, kus on küll olemas gaasi kogumise
süsteem, leiti, et bioaktiivse kattekihi abiga võiks ära lagundada kinni püüdmata jäänud
gaasi. Et kontrollida, kas sellist kattekihti saab ehitada mehaanilise bioloogilise töötluse
MBT peenfraktsioonist, konstrueeriti kaks eksperimentaalset ala (täidetud 0–20 mm ja 0–
40 mm MBT fraktsiooniga). Magistritöö esitab eksperimentaalsete alade disaini, ehitus- ja
ehitusprotsessi materjalide kirjelduse ning tulemused. Mõlemasse katsealasse paigaldati
mõõtesüsteemid: kaheksal sügavusel asuvad gaasitorud ja kolm püsivat mõõtmispunkti
kattekihi pinnal. Uuringud on planeeritud kaheks aastaks, kus gaasiproove võetakse iga kuu.
Töö eesmärgiks on uurida, kumb MBT fraktsiooni, 0–20 või 0–40 mm, toimib paremini
metaani lagundamiseks. Tulemuste põhjal saab järeldada, et metaanilagundav kate töötab.
Metaan laguneb kattekihi sees ja lekkimist atmosfääri ei toimu. 0-20 mm fraktsiooniga MBT
katsealal töötab metaanilagunduskate pisut efektiivsemalt kui katsealal 0-40 mm.
A landfill is a large bioreactor, in the body of which landfill gas is generated due to anaerobic degradation of organic material. According to European legislation, the emissions of the landfill gas should be kept to a minimum. With large volumes, gas can be used for energy production, but if the collection is uneconomic, an attractive option would be to cover the landfill with a bioactive layer to degrade methane in-situ. In operational Uikala sanitary landfill, where active gas collection system exists, it was found that uncaptured gas could be degraded in bioactive cover layer. To check whether such cover layer could be built from fine fraction from mechanical biological treatment (MBT), two experimental cells were constructed (0–20 mm and 0–40 mm fractions). The master’s thesis presents the design of experimental cells, a description of materials for construction and construction process, and results. Measurement system was installed in both cells: gas wells at eight depths and on three locations on surface. Research is planned for two years with monthly gas sampling. The objective of the work is proving which of the MBT fractions, 0–20 mm or 0–40 mm, functions better for methane degradation. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the methane degradation layer works. Methane decomposes inside the coating and there is no leakage into the atmosphere. The results show that in the experimental area with 0-20 mm MBT fraction, the methane degradation layer works a bit more efficiently than in the test area 0-40 mm
A landfill is a large bioreactor, in the body of which landfill gas is generated due to anaerobic degradation of organic material. According to European legislation, the emissions of the landfill gas should be kept to a minimum. With large volumes, gas can be used for energy production, but if the collection is uneconomic, an attractive option would be to cover the landfill with a bioactive layer to degrade methane in-situ. In operational Uikala sanitary landfill, where active gas collection system exists, it was found that uncaptured gas could be degraded in bioactive cover layer. To check whether such cover layer could be built from fine fraction from mechanical biological treatment (MBT), two experimental cells were constructed (0–20 mm and 0–40 mm fractions). The master’s thesis presents the design of experimental cells, a description of materials for construction and construction process, and results. Measurement system was installed in both cells: gas wells at eight depths and on three locations on surface. Research is planned for two years with monthly gas sampling. The objective of the work is proving which of the MBT fractions, 0–20 mm or 0–40 mm, functions better for methane degradation. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the methane degradation layer works. Methane decomposes inside the coating and there is no leakage into the atmosphere. The results show that in the experimental area with 0-20 mm MBT fraction, the methane degradation layer works a bit more efficiently than in the test area 0-40 mm
Kirjeldus
Magistritöö
Linna- ja tööstusmaastike korralduse õppekaval
Märksõnad
magistritööd, prügilagaasid, metaani lagundamine, bioaktiivsus, prügilad