Porgandikärbse (Chamaepsila rosae) arvukus ja fenoloogia 2024. aastal
Laen...
Kuupäev
2025
Kättesaadav alates
03.09.2025
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Eesti Maaülikool
Abstrakt
Porgandikärbes (Chamaepsila rosae Fab.) on üks levinumaid ja majanduslikult
olulisemaid sarikaliste (Umbelliferae / Apiaceae) köögiviljakultuuride kahjureid.
Porgandikärbse tõrje edukus ja taimekaitsevahendite kasutamise efektiivsus sõltub putuka
fenoloogia ehk elutsükli kindlakstegemisest keskendudes eelkõige täiskasvanud kärbeste
lennuaktiivsuse jälgimisele. Antud magistritöö eesmärgiks oli välja selgitada
porgandikärbse arvukus ja fenoloogia. Porgandikärbeste seired viidi läbi Eesti kolmes
porgandikasvatusettevõttes 2024. aasta suvel: Jaagumäe OÜ (Võrumaa, Navi küla),
Voorepealse Köögiviljad (Tartumaa, Äksi alevik) ja Koorti Kartul OÜ (Viljandimaa,
Lätkalu küla). Porgandikärbse valmikute püüdmiseks kasutati kollased liimpüünised,
lõhnapüünised (feromoonpüünis) ja Trapview püünised.
Katse tulemused võib kokku võtta järgnevalt:
Porgandikärbse valmikute arvukus ja fenoloogia sõltub ajalisest ja ruumilisest
kaugusest varasemast porgandipõllust ning külvi- ja koristusajast. Hilisem
külviaeg ja varasem koristus vähendavad ohtlikuma teise põlvkonna kahjustust.
Porgandikärbseid satub kõige rohkem püünistesse põlluservade läheduses,
sügavamal põllu sees arvukus väheneb.
Porgandikärbse valmikute põldudele ilmumise ja nende arvukuse hindamiseks on
ilmastiku prognoosimudelitest kindlam usaldada kollaste liimpüüniste
kohapealseid seireandmeid.
Pherozzip lõhnapüünistesse ei sattunud ühtki porgandikärbest. Kuna põhjus on
teadmata, siis võib ainult oletada, et erinevates geograafilistes piirkondades
elavate porgandikärbeste feromoonide keemiline koostis varieerub.
Trapview süsteem vajab veel täiustamist, sest kaamerapildi järgi ei olnud alati
võimalik porgandikärbseid ära tunda.
Kuna antud magistritöös on esitatud ainult ühe katseaasta tulemused ja
ilmastikutingimused muutuvad aastati, siis on soovitav katset veel mitmel aastal korrata.
The carrot fly (Chamaepsila rosae Fab.) is one of the most common and economically important pests of Umbelliferae (Apiaceae) vegetable crops. The success of carrot fly control and the effectiveness of using plant protection products depends heavily on determining the insect's phenology (life cycle), primarily by monitoring the flight activity of adult flies. The aim of this Master’s Thesis was to determine the abundance and phenology of the carrot fly. Carrot fly monitoring experiments took place in three carrot growing farms in Estonia during the summer of 2024: Jaagumäe OÜ (Võrumaa, Navi village), Voorepealse Köögiviljad (Tartumaa, Äksi township), and Koorti Kartul OÜ (Viljandimaa, Lätkalu village). Yellow sticky traps, scent traps (pheromone trap), and Trapview traps were used for caughting adult carrot flies. The results of the experiment can be summarized as follows: The abundance and phenology of adult carrot flies depend on the temporal and spatial distance from the previous carrot field, as well as the sowing and harvest times. Later sowing and earlier harvesting reduce damage from the more dangerous second generation. Most carrot flies are caught in traps near field edges, and their abundance decreases further into the field. To assess the appearance and abundance of adult carrot flies in fields, it is more reliable to trust local monitoring data from yellow sticky traps than weather forecasting models. No carrot flies were caught in the Pherozzip scent traps. As the reason is unknown, it can only be assumed that the chemical composition of the pheromones of carrot flies living in different geographical areas varies. The Trapview system still requires improvement because it was not always possible to identify carrot flies from the camera image. Since the current Master’s Thesis presents the results of only one experimental year and weather conditions change from year to year, it is advisable to repeat the experiment over several more years.
The carrot fly (Chamaepsila rosae Fab.) is one of the most common and economically important pests of Umbelliferae (Apiaceae) vegetable crops. The success of carrot fly control and the effectiveness of using plant protection products depends heavily on determining the insect's phenology (life cycle), primarily by monitoring the flight activity of adult flies. The aim of this Master’s Thesis was to determine the abundance and phenology of the carrot fly. Carrot fly monitoring experiments took place in three carrot growing farms in Estonia during the summer of 2024: Jaagumäe OÜ (Võrumaa, Navi village), Voorepealse Köögiviljad (Tartumaa, Äksi township), and Koorti Kartul OÜ (Viljandimaa, Lätkalu village). Yellow sticky traps, scent traps (pheromone trap), and Trapview traps were used for caughting adult carrot flies. The results of the experiment can be summarized as follows: The abundance and phenology of adult carrot flies depend on the temporal and spatial distance from the previous carrot field, as well as the sowing and harvest times. Later sowing and earlier harvesting reduce damage from the more dangerous second generation. Most carrot flies are caught in traps near field edges, and their abundance decreases further into the field. To assess the appearance and abundance of adult carrot flies in fields, it is more reliable to trust local monitoring data from yellow sticky traps than weather forecasting models. No carrot flies were caught in the Pherozzip scent traps. As the reason is unknown, it can only be assumed that the chemical composition of the pheromones of carrot flies living in different geographical areas varies. The Trapview system still requires improvement because it was not always possible to identify carrot flies from the camera image. Since the current Master’s Thesis presents the results of only one experimental year and weather conditions change from year to year, it is advisable to repeat the experiment over several more years.
Kirjeldus
Magistritöö
Aianduse õppekaval
Märksõnad
magistritööd, seire, põlvkond, kollane liimpüünis, lõhnapüünis, Trapview püünis