Coxiella burnetii serolevimus ning võimalikud riskitegurid suurtes Eesti piimaveisekarjades
Laen...
Kuupäev
2023
Kättesaadavus
08.09.2023
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Eesti Maaülikool
Abstrakt
Q palavik (QF) on maailmas laialdaselt levinud ning selle leviku ohjamine ja kontroll on
ülioluline, kuna nakatunud veisekarjad võivad loomapidajale tähendada suuri majanduslikke
kahjusid. Nakatunud veised on enamasti asümptomaatilised, kuid sagenenud
abordijuhtumeid ja sigimishäireid võib siiski esineda. Samuti kujutavad Coxiella burnetii
(CB) bakterit levitavad loomad ohtu rahvatervisele. Põhilisteks haigustekitaja
reservuaarideks on kodumäletsejalised, sh veised. Seetõttu on CB serolevimuse tuvastamine
piimaveisekarjades ning võimalike riskitegurite kindlaks tegemine vajalik. Antud töö
eesmärgiks oli tuvastada CB serolevimus Eesti suurtes piimaveisekarjades ning analüüsida
karja nakkuse riskitegureid. Uuringus osales 120 juhuslikult valitud piimaveisekarja, mille
suuruseks oli vähemalt 100 lehma ning kus lakteerivad lehmad olid vabapidamisel.
Karjapõhiste andmete kogumiseks kasutati eelnevalt koostatud küsimustikku. Karja
külastuse käigus koguti kõigist piimatankidest proovid. Kõik kogutud 154 piimaproovi
tsentrifuugiti ning külmutati pärast rasva eemaldamist. Tankipiima antikehade sisalduse
määramiseks kasutati PrioCHECK™ Ruminant Q Fever Ab Plate Kit testikomplekti
(Thermo Fischer Scientific), vastavalt tootja antud juhistele. Kokku 120st analüüsitud karjast
77 olid CB positiivsed ning 43 karja CB seronegatiivsed. Ilmnevaks CB serolevimuseks
levimuseks oli 64,2% (95% UV 54,9-72,7%). Logistiline regressioonanalüüs tuvastas
statistiliselt olulise seose CB seropositiivse tankipiima tulemuse ning karja suuruse vahel.
Karja suurenemisel 100 lehma võrra suurenes positiivse CB tankipiima tulemuse tõenäosus
14% võrra. Uuringus ei tuvastatud seoseid mitmete farmipõhiste ja välisbioturvalisuse
meetmete ning karja CB staatuse vahel. Kokkuvõtvalt näitavad tulemused, et CB on Eesti
suurtes piimaveisekarjades laialdaselt levinud.
Q fever (QF) is widely prevalent worldwide, and its control and management are crucial due to the potential economic losses to livestock farmers from infected cattle herds. Infected cows are mostly asymptomatic, but there may be increased cases of abortion and reproductive disorders. Furthermore, animals carrying the Coxiella burnetii (CB) bacterium pose a threat to public health. Domestic ruminants, including cattle, serve as the primary reservoirs for this pathogen. Therefore, detecting CB seroprevalence in dairy cattle herds and identifying potential risk factors is necessary. The objective of this study was to determine CB seroprevalence in large dairy cattle herds in Estonia and analyze the factors associated with herd infection. The study included 120 randomly selected dairy cattle herds with a minimum of 100 lactating cows kept in free-stall housing. A pre-designed questionnaire was used to collect herd-specific data, and samples were collected from all milk tanks during herd visits. After centrifugation and removal of fat, a total of 154 milk samples were frozen. PrioCHECK™ Ruminant Q Fever Ab Plate Kit test kit (Thermo Fischer Scientific) was used according to the manufacturer's instructions to determine the antibody content in tank milk samples. Out of the 120 analyzed herds, 77 were CB positive, and 43 herds were CB seronegative. The observed CB seroprevalence rate was 64.2% (95% CI 54.9-72.7%). Logistic regression analysis revealed a statistically significant association between CB seropositive tank milk results and herd size. With an increase of 100 cows in herd size, the probability of a positive CB tank milk result increased by 14%. No significant associations were found between various on-farm and biosecurity measures and herd CB status. In summary, the results indicate that CB is widely prevalent in large dairy cattle herds in Estonia.
Q fever (QF) is widely prevalent worldwide, and its control and management are crucial due to the potential economic losses to livestock farmers from infected cattle herds. Infected cows are mostly asymptomatic, but there may be increased cases of abortion and reproductive disorders. Furthermore, animals carrying the Coxiella burnetii (CB) bacterium pose a threat to public health. Domestic ruminants, including cattle, serve as the primary reservoirs for this pathogen. Therefore, detecting CB seroprevalence in dairy cattle herds and identifying potential risk factors is necessary. The objective of this study was to determine CB seroprevalence in large dairy cattle herds in Estonia and analyze the factors associated with herd infection. The study included 120 randomly selected dairy cattle herds with a minimum of 100 lactating cows kept in free-stall housing. A pre-designed questionnaire was used to collect herd-specific data, and samples were collected from all milk tanks during herd visits. After centrifugation and removal of fat, a total of 154 milk samples were frozen. PrioCHECK™ Ruminant Q Fever Ab Plate Kit test kit (Thermo Fischer Scientific) was used according to the manufacturer's instructions to determine the antibody content in tank milk samples. Out of the 120 analyzed herds, 77 were CB positive, and 43 herds were CB seronegative. The observed CB seroprevalence rate was 64.2% (95% CI 54.9-72.7%). Logistic regression analysis revealed a statistically significant association between CB seropositive tank milk results and herd size. With an increase of 100 cows in herd size, the probability of a positive CB tank milk result increased by 14%. No significant associations were found between various on-farm and biosecurity measures and herd CB status. In summary, the results indicate that CB is widely prevalent in large dairy cattle herds in Estonia.
Kirjeldus
Lõputöö
Veterinaarmeditsiini õppekaval
Märksõnad
magistritööd, Q palavik, riskitegurid, seroloogia, karjalevimus