Stress tolerance and cultivation technologies of oilseed hemp – their effect on plant productivity and seed quality
| dc.contributor.advisor | Runno-Paurson, Eve (advisor) | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Niinemets, Ülo (advisor) | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Kännaste, Astrid (advisor) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Mäeorg, Erkki | |
| dc.contributor.department | Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences | eng |
| dc.contributor.other | Centritto, Mauro (opponent) | |
| dc.contributor.other | Agho, Collins Aimuaenvbosa (reviewer) | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2026-10-01T09:04:22Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2026-10-01T09:04:22Z | |
| dc.date.defensed | 2026-10-13 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2026 | |
| dc.description | Doctoral Thesis in Agriculture. | eng |
| dc.description | Doktoritöö põllumajanduses. | est |
| dc.description.abstract | ABSTRACT. The expansion of industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) cultivation across Europe has increased the need to investigate the combined effects of diseases, pests, and crop management practices on the productivity of this relatively understudied crop under northern growing conditions. The aim of this doctoral thesis was to determine the effects of crop management practices and biotic stress factors on industrial hemp productivity, seed quality, and yield stability under Estonian conditions. The field studies included this thesis were conducted between 2019 and 2024 at the experimental fields of the Estonian University of Life Sciences. Although industrial hemp has traditionally been regarded as a crop with relatively few disease and pest problems, Alternaria leaf spot and the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn.) emerged as the most important biotic stress factors during the six-year experimental period. The severity of leaf spot on hemp plants was influenced by crop management practices and varied significantly among growing seasons. Increased nitrogen supply reduced cumulative disease pressure (rAUDPC) by up to 76%, with consistent effects observed across years and in both cultivars (’Finola’, ’Estica’) studied. Damage caused by the European corn borer reduced seed yield by more than 7% at maximum; however, the extent of visible damage did not always accurately reflect its impact on yield performance. Hemp seed yield ranged from 0.6 to 2.7 t ha⁻¹ during the study period. Yield variability was significantly lower in the cultivar 'Estica' than in 'Finola' (standard deviation 0.45 and 0.80, respectively). These findings highlight the importance of yield stability in industrial hemp production and suggest that the principal advantages of industrial hemp as a low-input crop arise from its phenotypic plasticity and biotic interactions, both of which should be taken into account when developing crop management strategies. | eng |
| dc.description.abstract | LÜHIKOKKUVÕTE. Õlikanepi (Cannabis sativa L.) kasvatamise laienemine Euroopas on suurendanud vajadust uurida erinevate haiguste, kahjurite ja kasvatustehnoloogiate koosmõju selle suhteliselt väheuuritud põllukultuuri produktiivsusele põhjapoolsetes kasvutingimustes. Doktoritöö eesmärk oli välja selgitada kasvatustehnoloogiate ja biootiliste stressitegurite mõju õlikanepi produktiivsusele, seemnete kvaliteedile ja saagistabiilsusele Eesti tingimustes. Doktoritöö aluseks olnud uuringud viidi läbi aastatel 2019–2024 Eesti Maaülikooli katsepõldudel. Kuigi õlikanepit on traditsiooniliselt peetud suhteliselt haigus- ja kahjurivabaks kultuuriks, tõusid kuueaastase katseperioodi jooksul biootiliste stressiteguritena esile kuivlaiksus (Alternaria spp.) ja harilik varreleedik (Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn.). Kuivlaiksuse kahjustuse ulatus õlikanepi taimedel sõltus kasvatustehnoloogiatest ning erines oluliselt kasvuaastate lõikes. Suurema lämmastikuga varustatuse korral vähenes akumulatiivne haiguskoormus (rAUDPC) kuni 76%, kusjuures mõju ilmnes järjepidevalt erinevatel aastatel ja mõlemal uuritud sordil (’Finola’, ’Estica’). Hariliku varreleediku kahjustused vähendasid seemnesaaki maksimaalselt 7%, kuid nähtava kahjustuse ulatus ei peegeldanud alati selle mõju saagikusele. Õlikanepi seemnesaagikus varieerus uurimisperioodil 0,6–2,7 t ha⁻¹, kusjuures sordi 'Estica' saagikuse varieeruvus oli oluliselt väiksem kui sordil ’Finola’ (standardhälve vastavalt 0,45 ja 0,80). Tulemused rõhutavad saagistabiilsuse tähtsust õlikanepi kasvatamisel ning viitavad, et õlikanepi kui väheste sisenditega põllukultuuri peamised eelised tulenevad selle fenotüübilisest plastilisusest ja bioloogilistest vastasmõjudest, millega tuleb kasvatustehnoloogiate kujundamisel arvestada. | est |
| dc.description.sponsorship | The study was supported by the Estonian Research Council grants PRG2503 and PRG2207, and Center of Excellence AgroCropFuture "Agroecology and new crops in future climates" (TK200, TK200U1 and TK200U7) and the Estonian University of Life Sciences base funding projects PPKTT1 and PPKTT5. The research was conducted using the research infrastructure “TAIM” funded by the Estonian Research Council (TARISTU24-TK28). The publication of this dissertation is supported by the Estonian University of Life Sciences. | eng |
| dc.identifier.isbn | 978-9916-91-088-7 (print) | |
| dc.identifier.isbn | 978-9916-91-089-4 (pdf) | |
| dc.identifier.issn | 2382-7076 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10492/11012 | |
| dc.publisher | Estonian University of Life Sciences | eng |
| dc.relation.ispartofseries | Doctoral Theses of the Estonian University of Life Sciences | eng |
| dc.relation.ispartofseries | Eesti Maaülikooli doktoritööd | est |
| dc.rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | eng |
| dc.rights.holder | © Erkki Mäeorg, 2026 | |
| dc.rights.uri | https://www.riigiteataja.ee/en/eli/ee/Riigikogu/act/519062017005/consolide | est |
| dc.subject | oilseed hemp | eng |
| dc.subject | yield stability | eng |
| dc.subject | biotic stress | eng |
| dc.subject | nitrogen fertilization | eng |
| dc.subject | Alternaria spp. | lat |
| dc.subject | European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis) | eng |
| dc.subject | Green University (thesis is related to EMÜ Green University iniciative’s aims) | eng |
| dc.subject | dissertations | eng |
| dc.title | Stress tolerance and cultivation technologies of oilseed hemp – their effect on plant productivity and seed quality | eng |
| dc.title.alternative | Õlikanepi stressitaluvus ja kasvatustehnoloogiad – nende mõju taimede produktiivsusele ja seemnete kvaliteedile | est |
| dc.type | Doctoral Thesis | eng |
| dc.type.qualificationname | PhD | eng |
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