Olulisemad juuremädaniku tekitajad harilikul kuusel (Picea abies L. Karst)
Laen...
Kuupäev
2012
Kättesaadav alates
ainult raamatukogus, only in library
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Abstrakt
Juuremädanike osakaal kahjustatud metsamaa pindala järgi 2010. aastal oli 863 ha. Juurepess (Heterobasidion spp.) – on üks suuremat majanduslikku kahju põhjustav juure- ja tüvemädanikku tekitav patogeen parasvöötme okaspuumetsades, mille negatiivne roll koos metsamajanduse intensiivistumisega on järjest suurenenud.
Käesolev töö tehti ühe osana suurest juurimiskatsest, kuna juurepess levib ka kuusejuurte kontaktide kaudu vegetatiivselt, siis peaks kändude eemaldamine leevendama oluliselt juuremädanike kahjustusi puistus.
Teine olulisem juuremädaniku tekitaja metsapuudel on külmaseen(Armillaria spp.), kes nakatab nii okas- kui lehtpuid, seetõttu ei ole ka segapuistud selle ohu eest kaitstud. Töö eesmärgiks on kirjeldada juuremädanike tekitajate esinemist harilikul kuusel (Picea abies L. Karst) nelja prooviala baasil. Katsealadel tehti puujuurte väljajuurimine ekskavaatori abil.
Katsealadelt toodi kokku 26 prooviketast. Visuaalselt hinnati kas kännus on perifeerne või tsentraalne mädanik või känd on ilma mädanikuta. Selleks, et teada saada juuremädanike osakaalu kogutud prooviketastelt tehti puidutükkide isoleerimine puhaskultuuri, viidi läbi laboratoorsed katsed, mille eesmärgiks oli välja selgitada juurepessu ja külmaseene esinemine.
Visuaalse hinnangu alusel oli Viru katsealal juuremädanikest (juurepessust või külmaseenest) nakatunud kändude osakaal suurim (86 %). Kõige vähem mädanikku leiti Elva katsealalt 50%, talle järgnes Orguse 18%-ga, Rõuges oli mädanikuta puitu 17% ja Virus 14%. Kuuse-juurepessu (Heterobasidion parviporum) määrati kahest Viru katsealalt isoleeritud puhaskultuurist (joonis 5).
Root rot relative importance of damaged forest area was 863 hectares on the year of 2010. Heterobasidion spp. is one of the main root and butt rot causing pathogen of temperate coniferous forests, with the intensification of forest management negative role has been increasing. This work was performed as part of a large stump removal test. Since Heterobasidion pss .spreads from tree to tree vegetative way through root contacts, then should stump removal relieve root rot damage on the infected places. Second important root rot causing fungus is Armillaria spp. who infects coniferous trees as well as deciduous trees, therefore mixed stands are not protected from this threat. Purpose of this paper is to describe the existence of root rot pathogens on Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst), on the basis of four eksperimental areas. On the experimental sites stump removal made with the excavator. Total of 26 sample discs brought from experimental sites. Visually assessed whether there is peripheral or central rot on the stumps, or is the stump without any kind of rot. To find out the magnitude of root rot funguses from the probe discs, the pieces of wood were isolated to the pure culture in the laboratory and the purpose of this test was to determinate the multitude of Heterobasidion spp. and Armillaria spp. The most infected root rot (caused by Heterobasidion spp. and Armillaria spp.) site was Viru experimental area where was 86% of stumps infected. Least root rot were found on Elva experimental area 50%, followed by Orguse with 18%, Rõuge 17% and on Viru experimental site had just 14%of samples timber without root rot. Heterobasidion parviporum were found from two Viru test stand samples (figure 5).
Root rot relative importance of damaged forest area was 863 hectares on the year of 2010. Heterobasidion spp. is one of the main root and butt rot causing pathogen of temperate coniferous forests, with the intensification of forest management negative role has been increasing. This work was performed as part of a large stump removal test. Since Heterobasidion pss .spreads from tree to tree vegetative way through root contacts, then should stump removal relieve root rot damage on the infected places. Second important root rot causing fungus is Armillaria spp. who infects coniferous trees as well as deciduous trees, therefore mixed stands are not protected from this threat. Purpose of this paper is to describe the existence of root rot pathogens on Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst), on the basis of four eksperimental areas. On the experimental sites stump removal made with the excavator. Total of 26 sample discs brought from experimental sites. Visually assessed whether there is peripheral or central rot on the stumps, or is the stump without any kind of rot. To find out the magnitude of root rot funguses from the probe discs, the pieces of wood were isolated to the pure culture in the laboratory and the purpose of this test was to determinate the multitude of Heterobasidion spp. and Armillaria spp. The most infected root rot (caused by Heterobasidion spp. and Armillaria spp.) site was Viru experimental area where was 86% of stumps infected. Least root rot were found on Elva experimental area 50%, followed by Orguse with 18%, Rõuge 17% and on Viru experimental site had just 14%of samples timber without root rot. Heterobasidion parviporum were found from two Viru test stand samples (figure 5).
Kirjeldus
Märksõnad
juurepress, juuremädanikud, Picea abies, külmaseen, kändude juurimine, bakalaureusetööd