Orgaaniliste jäätmete väärindamisel tekkivate jääkide biogaasi tootlikkus
Laen...
Kuupäev
2023
Kättesaadavus
07.09.2023
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Eesti Maaülikool
Abstrakt
Jäätmete väärindamine on muutunud päevakohaseks teemaks. Biorafineerimisel ja
orgaaniliste jäätmete väärindamisel tekib samuti jääke, mida saaks potentsiaalselt väärindada
biogaasi tootmiseks. Töö eesmärgiks oli teada putukasõnniku, kasutatud seenesubstraatide ja
kala hüdrolüsaadijääkide biogaasi ja biometaani tootlikkus. Uuritud substraatidest on
kirjanduses andmeid putukasõnniku ning seenesubstraatide kohta, kuid ei ole uuritud kala
hüdrolüsaadijäägi biogaasi tootlikkust. Biometaani potentsiaali testiga analüüsiti kokku 20
erinevat proovi. Putukasõnniku keskmiseks biogaasi tootlikkuseks saadi 322 ± 83 L/kg KA
(kuivaine) ning 456 ± 57 L/kg OA (orgaaniline aine), biometaani tootlikkuseks 190 ± 29 L
CH4/kg KA ning 273 ± 15 L CH4/kg OA. Seenesubstraadi keskmisteks biogaasi
tootlikkuseks saadi 361 ± 102 L/kg KA ning 376 ± 101 L/kg OA, biometaani tootlikkuseks
192 ± 44 L CH4/kg KA ning 201 ± 43 L CH4/kg OA. Kala hüdrolüsaadijääkide biogaasi
tootlikkus oli keskmiselt 613 ± 31 L/kg KA ja 712 ± 40 L/kg OA ning biometaani tootlikkus
366 ± 31 L CH4/kg KA ja 424 ± 36 L CH4/kg OA. Putukasõnnikute tootlikkus olenes sellest,
mis sööta oli putukate kasvatamisel kasutatud. Ka seenesubstraadi ja kala hüdrolüsaadijäägi
korral mõjutas tulemit materjal või töötlus. Kõige kõrgema biometaani potentsiaaliga uuritud
kolmest substraadist oli kala hüdrolüsaadijääk, kuigi selle veesisaldus oli kõrge. Uuritud
jäägid ei ole koguseliselt tööstuslikuks biogaasitootmiseks jätkusuutlikud, kuid tootlikkuse
potentsiaal on võrreldav enim kasutatavate biogaasi toorainetega.
Waste valorization has become a relevant topic. Bio-refining and the valorization of organic waste also generate byproducts that could potentially be utilized for biogas production. The objective of this study was to determine the biogas and biomethane productivity of insect frass, spent mushroom substrate, and fish hydrolysate residue. Literature provides information on insect frass and fungal substrates, but the biogas productivity of fish hydrolysate residue has not been investigated. A total of 20 different samples were analyzed to assess the biomethane potential. The average biogas yield from insect frass was found to be 322 ± 83 L/kg TS (total solids) and 456 ± 57 L/kg VS (volatile solids), with biomethane productivity of 190 ± 29 L CH4/kg TS and 273 ± 15 L CH4/kg VS. For spent mushroom substrate, the average biogas yields were 361 ± 102 L/kg TS and 376 ± 101 L/kg VS, with biomethane productivity of 192 ± 44 L CH4/kg TS and 201 ± 43 L CH4/kg VS. The biogas yield from fish hydrolysate residue was on average 613 ± 31 L/kg TS and 712 ± 40 L/kg VS, with biomethane productivity of 366 ± 31 L CH4/kg TS and 424 ± 36 L CH4/kg VS. The productivity of insect frass depended on the type of feed used for insect cultivation, while for spent mushroom substrate and fish hydrolysate residue, the results were influenced by the material or processing method. Among these three substrates, fish hydrolysate residue exhibited the highest biomethane potential, despite its high water content. Although the investigated residues may not be sustainable for large-scale industrial biogas production in terms of quantity, their productivity potential is comparable to commonly used biogas feedstocks.
Waste valorization has become a relevant topic. Bio-refining and the valorization of organic waste also generate byproducts that could potentially be utilized for biogas production. The objective of this study was to determine the biogas and biomethane productivity of insect frass, spent mushroom substrate, and fish hydrolysate residue. Literature provides information on insect frass and fungal substrates, but the biogas productivity of fish hydrolysate residue has not been investigated. A total of 20 different samples were analyzed to assess the biomethane potential. The average biogas yield from insect frass was found to be 322 ± 83 L/kg TS (total solids) and 456 ± 57 L/kg VS (volatile solids), with biomethane productivity of 190 ± 29 L CH4/kg TS and 273 ± 15 L CH4/kg VS. For spent mushroom substrate, the average biogas yields were 361 ± 102 L/kg TS and 376 ± 101 L/kg VS, with biomethane productivity of 192 ± 44 L CH4/kg TS and 201 ± 43 L CH4/kg VS. The biogas yield from fish hydrolysate residue was on average 613 ± 31 L/kg TS and 712 ± 40 L/kg VS, with biomethane productivity of 366 ± 31 L CH4/kg TS and 424 ± 36 L CH4/kg VS. The productivity of insect frass depended on the type of feed used for insect cultivation, while for spent mushroom substrate and fish hydrolysate residue, the results were influenced by the material or processing method. Among these three substrates, fish hydrolysate residue exhibited the highest biomethane potential, despite its high water content. Although the investigated residues may not be sustainable for large-scale industrial biogas production in terms of quantity, their productivity potential is comparable to commonly used biogas feedstocks.
Kirjeldus
Bakalaureusetöö
Keskkonnakaitse õppekaval
Märksõnad
bakalaureusetööd, biometaan, anaeroobne kääritamine, putukasõnnik, seenesubstraat, hüdrolüsaadijääk