Impact of salinity on the gastrointestinal bacterial community of Theodoxus fluviatilis
Laen...
Kuupäev
2020
Kättesaadav alates
Autorid
Kivistik, Carmen
Knobloch, Jan
Käiro, Kairi
Tammert, Helen
Kisand, Veljo
Hildebrandt, Jan-Peter
Herlemann, Daniel P.
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Frontiers
Abstrakt
Differences in salinity are boundaries that act as barriers for the dispersal of most aquatic
organisms. This creates distinctive biota in freshwater and brackish water (mesohaline)
environments. To test how saline boundaries influence the diversity and composition
of host-associated microbiota, we analyzed the microbiome within the digestive tract
of Theodoxus fluviatilis, an organism able to cross the freshwater and mesohaline
boundary. Alpha-diversity measures of the microbiome in freshwater and brackish water
were not significantly different. However, the composition of the bacterial community
within freshwater T. fluviatilis differed significantly compared with mesohaline T. fluviatilis
and typical bacteria could be determined for the freshwater and the mesohaline digestive
tract microbiome. An artificial increase in salinity surrounding these freshwater snails
resulted in a strong change in the bacterial community and typical marine bacteria
became more pronounced in the digestive tract microbiome of freshwater T. fluviatilis.
However, the composition of the digestive tract microbiome in freshwater snails did
not converge to that found within mesohaline snails. Within mesohaline snails, no
cardinal change was found after either an increase or decrease in salinity. In all
samples, Pseudomonas, Pirellula, Flavobacterium, Limnohabitans, and Acinetobacter
were among the most abundant bacteria. These bacterial genera were largely unaffected
by changes in environmental conditions. As permanent residents in T. fluviatilis, they
may support the digestion of the algal food in the digestive tract. Our results show that
freshwater and mesohaline water host-associated microbiomes respond differently to
changes in salinity. Therefore, the salinization of coastal freshwater environments due
to a rise in sea level can influence the gut microbiome and its functions with currently
unknown consequences for, e.g., nutritional physiology of the host.
DH, CK, VK, KK, and HT were supported by the European Regional Development Fund/Estonian Research Council funded “Mobilitas Plus Top Researcher grant MOBTT24.” In addition, VK was supported by Estonian Research Council grant PUT1389. The project is also supported by the Baltic-German University Liaison Office and the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) with funds from the Foreign Office of the Federal Republic of Germany. Financial support was also provided by the German Research Foundation (DFG), RTG 2010.
DH, CK, VK, KK, and HT were supported by the European Regional Development Fund/Estonian Research Council funded “Mobilitas Plus Top Researcher grant MOBTT24.” In addition, VK was supported by Estonian Research Council grant PUT1389. The project is also supported by the Baltic-German University Liaison Office and the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) with funds from the Foreign Office of the Federal Republic of Germany. Financial support was also provided by the German Research Foundation (DFG), RTG 2010.
Kirjeldus
Märksõnad
microbiome, aquatic snail, brackish water system, 16S rRNA, planctomycetes, articles