Puidukaitsevahendite efektiivsus männipuidu kaitsmisel
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Kuupäev
2012
Kättesaadav alates
ainult raamatukogus, only in library
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Abstrakt
Käesolevas magistritöös on käsitletud hariliku männi (Pinus sylvestris L.) liigi iseloomustust, levikut, puidu ehitust ning puidu mehaanilisi ja füüsikalisi omadusi. Selgitatakse, miks männipuit sobib immutamiseks paremini kui kuusepuit. Tuuakse välja põhilised puidukahjustajad, milleks on peamiselt seened ja putukkahjurid. Antakse ülevaade puidu eluea pikendamise erinevatest võimalustest nii konstruktiivsete, keemiliste kui ka looduslike vahendite abil. Antakse ülevaade pinnaviimistluse kohta. Samuti kirjeldatakse mõningaid puidu kaitseimmutamise meetodeid ja puiduimmutusvahendeid.
Töö uurimusliku osa põhieesmärgiks on uurida ja välja selgitada kumb puidukaitsevahenditest, kas looduslik (linaõli) või keemiline (Pinotex Impra) on efektiivsem majavammi kaitsmisel. Katsekehad valmistati vastavalt ISO standarditele. Kõik klotsid nummerdati ning mõõdeti ja kaaluti enne katsete alustamist. Kokku valmistati 360 katsekeha, mida kasutati tiheduse, puiduniiskuse ja survetugevuse määramiseks ning puidukaitsevahendite efektiivsuse kontrollimiseks mädaniku kaitsel.
Tulemusi analüüsides selgus, et männipuidu paremaks kaitsevahendiks on keemiline puidukaitsevahend, ning kaitsevahendid ei avalda mõju malts- ja lülipuidu survetugevusele. Imbunud kaitsevahendite kogus on suurem maltspuidu osas, ning see on tingitud rakuseinte erinevusest Võrreldes kaitsevahendeid selgub, et linaõli imbub rohkem nii maltspuitu kui ka lülipuitu.
This Master’s thesis discusses the characteristics, habitat, composition as well as mechanical and physical properties of the species of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). It also explains why pine wood is more suitable for impregnation than fir wood. The author points out major wood pests, which are mostly fungi and insect pests. The paper provides an overview of different possibilities for extending lifetime of wood with constructive, chemical as well as natural means. The paper outlines different aspects of surface treatment. The author also describes some of the experimental methods of wood impregnation and means of impregnation. The primary objective of the empirical part was to find out, which of the two wood protection products – natural (linseed oil) or chemical (Pinotex Impra) – was more efficient for protection against dry rot. Test-pieces were produced according to ISO standards. All the blocks were numbered, measured and weighed before the experiment. There were total 360 test-pieces produced, which were used for determining wood density, moisture content and crushing strength and the efficiency of wood protection products in protection against rot. The analysis of results indicated that chemical wood protection products protected pine wood better and that the protection products did not affect the crushing strength of sapwood or heartwood. The volume of infiltrated protection products was larger in sapwood, which depended on the differences in cell walls. When comparing the wood protection products, it turned out that linseed oil infiltrated more in sapwood as well as heartwood.
This Master’s thesis discusses the characteristics, habitat, composition as well as mechanical and physical properties of the species of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). It also explains why pine wood is more suitable for impregnation than fir wood. The author points out major wood pests, which are mostly fungi and insect pests. The paper provides an overview of different possibilities for extending lifetime of wood with constructive, chemical as well as natural means. The paper outlines different aspects of surface treatment. The author also describes some of the experimental methods of wood impregnation and means of impregnation. The primary objective of the empirical part was to find out, which of the two wood protection products – natural (linseed oil) or chemical (Pinotex Impra) – was more efficient for protection against dry rot. Test-pieces were produced according to ISO standards. All the blocks were numbered, measured and weighed before the experiment. There were total 360 test-pieces produced, which were used for determining wood density, moisture content and crushing strength and the efficiency of wood protection products in protection against rot. The analysis of results indicated that chemical wood protection products protected pine wood better and that the protection products did not affect the crushing strength of sapwood or heartwood. The volume of infiltrated protection products was larger in sapwood, which depended on the differences in cell walls. When comparing the wood protection products, it turned out that linseed oil infiltrated more in sapwood as well as heartwood.
Kirjeldus
Märksõnad
männipuit, survetugevus, tihedus, niiskus, puidukaitse, magistritööd