Evaluation of morphological traits, genetic diversity and major resistance genes in barley subpopulations cultivated under organic and conventional farming systems
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Kuupäev
2021
Kättesaadav alates
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Abstrakt
Most crop varieties currently grown in organic conditions have been bred for
conventional farming, and are not adapted to increased environmental variability under organic
farming conditions and unpredictable environmental fluctuations due to climate change. This can
be mitigated by the use of heterogeneous material, increasing genetic diversity and enabling
adaptation to local conditions. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of several
generations of cultivation in parallel under organic and conventional farming systems on the
genetic diversity, morphological traits and frequency of major disease resistance genes as
indicators of adaptation to the farming system in heterogeneous spring barley populations with
differing levels of diversity. Populations in differing generations originating from crosses
between two, three, 10 and 15 parental genotypes were cultivated in organic and conventional
farming systems for three, four or 10 generations, thus forming subpopulations in each
environment. These subpopulations were genotyped, and tested for morphological traits in both
farming systems. A significant effect of cultivation environment on tillering capacity (p < 0.05)
was found for all tested populations and in several cases for plant height, ear length and grain
number per spike, indicating some adaptation trends. In the short term, genetic diversity
parameters were not decreased in the later generation populations in comparison to the initial
populations with the exception of observed heterozygosity, as expected for a self-pollinating
species. No clear differences in genetic diversity parameters between populations cultivated
under either organic or conventional condition for several generations were identified.
Kirjeldus
Received: March 13th, 2021 ; Accepted: June 21st, 2021 ; Published: September 6th, 2021 ; Correspondence: vilnis.skipars@silava.lv
Märksõnad
genetic diversity, genotyping, heterogeneous populations, morphological traits, organic farming, spring barley, articles