Termotöödeldud- ja naturaalpuidust seotiste töötlemistehnoloogiline protsess ja - seotiste lõpptugevuste väärtuste määramine
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Kuupäev
2023
Kättesaadavus
05.09.2023
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Eesti Maaülikool
Abstrakt
Puitseotised on puutöö tegemise aluseks. Puitseotise kasutamine kahe või enama puitosa
ühendamiseks on väga levinud töövõte. Puitseotis moodustatakse puitdetailide omavahelise
ühendusena, mis jagatakse traditsioonilisteks puitseotisteks, kus ei ole kasutatud
lisaliitevahendeid ja seotisteks, kus kasutatakse lisaliitevahendeid. Puittoodete detailide,
koostude, elementide ühendamiseks kasutatakse mitmesuguseid erinevaid lisaliitevahendeid.
Seetõttu ei ole võimalik ilma erinevate lisakinnituselementide kasutamiseta ühendada puidust
detailide osasid ja ehitada tähtsaid puitkonstruktsioone nagu näiteks ehituses kasutatavad
karkassid.
Uuringu eesmärgiks on teha kindlaks erinevatest puitmaterjalidest valmistatud seotiste
lõpptugevuste väärtused. Töö uurimisobjektiks on katsekeha. Katsekehasid valmistati testimise
jaoks kokku 54 tk, sh kümme erinevat puitseotise tüüpi. Töös kasutatakse kvantitatiivset
uurimismeetodit, mis on loomult deduktiivne ehk kus arutluskäik liigub üldiselt üksikule.
Antud kvantitatiivse uuringu lähtekohaks on varasem uuring, Martin Saare magistritöö 2014.
aastast, Tallinna Tehnikaülikooli Materjalitehnoloogia erialal, teema kohta “Nurkühenduste
tugevus erinevates materjalides”. Selles uuringus tuletatud hüpoteesi, kus uuritakse, kuidas
erinevad puitmaterjalid mõjutavad seotiste efektiivsust ehk kuidas erinevad seotised peaksid
olema mõnedes materjalides efektiivsemad kui teistes, kontrollitakse antud töös esitatud
andmete analüüsis. Mõlemates uuringutes esitatud andmete valimi moodustavad erinevad
puitseotiste tüübid ja -materjalid, kuid hüpotees, mida kontrollitakse kogutud andmeid
analüüsides, on mõlemas uurimuslikku meetodit kasutavas töös sarnane.
Antud uuringus tehti katsekehade testimise tulemusena kindlaks, et naturaalpuidust valmistatud
seotised omavad suuremaid lõpptugevuse väärtuseid, kui termotöödeldud puidust valmistatud
seotised. Samuti leiti, et lisakinnituselementide kasutamine erinevates seotistes enamasti mitte
ei tugevda seotiseid, vaid nõrgestavad nende vastupidavust välistele koormustele ehk jõududele.
Võrreldes omavahel kahe erineva uuringu katsetetulemusi, siis mõlemal juhul käitusid erinevad
puitmaterjalide ühendused erinevates seotistes eriviisidel, mille puhul purunesid mitmed
nurkühendused kohesiivselt ehk purunes liimühendus, kuid mõnedes nurkühendustes purunes
enne materjal kui liim.
Wood joints are the basis of woodwork. Using wood joinery to join two or more pieces of wood is a very common technique. To connect the details, assemblies, and elements of wooden products, a variety of different joints, otherwise connections are used. A wooden joint is formed as a mutual connection between wooden parts, which are divided as traditional wooden joints, where no additional fastening elements are used, and joints, where additional fastening elements are used. Therefore, it is not possible to build important wooden structures, such as carcasses used in construction, without connecting wooden parts using various additional fastening elements. The aim of this study is to determine the ultimate strength values of wooden joints made of different wood materials. The research object of this study is an experiment specimen. A total of 54 experiment specimens were made for testing purposes, including ten different types of wooden joints. Quantitative research method is used in the study, which is deductive in its nature, i.e. the discussion moves from general to the individual. The starting point of this quantitative study is an earlier study on the topic "Strength of corner joints in different materials", from Martin Saare's master's thesis from 2014, Tallinn University of Technology, Department of Materials Technology. The hypothesis derived in that study, which examines how different wood materials affect the effectiveness of joints, i.e. how different joints should be more effective in some materials than in others, is verified in the analysis of the data presented in this work. The range of data presented in both studies consists of different connections and materials used in wooden joints, but the hypothesis that is verified by analyzing the data is similar in both studies. In this study, as a result of testing specimens, it was established that connections made of natural wood have higher ultimate strength values than connections made of thermo-treated wood. Likewise, it was found that the use of additional fastening elements in different wooden joints mostly does not strengthen the connection, but weakens its resistance to external loads or forces. Comparing the test results of two different studies, in both cases different connections made of different wood materials behaved in different ways in different wooden joints, in which occasion several corner joints broke cohesively, i.e. the adhesive connection broke, but in some corner joints, the material broke before the adhesive connection broke.
Wood joints are the basis of woodwork. Using wood joinery to join two or more pieces of wood is a very common technique. To connect the details, assemblies, and elements of wooden products, a variety of different joints, otherwise connections are used. A wooden joint is formed as a mutual connection between wooden parts, which are divided as traditional wooden joints, where no additional fastening elements are used, and joints, where additional fastening elements are used. Therefore, it is not possible to build important wooden structures, such as carcasses used in construction, without connecting wooden parts using various additional fastening elements. The aim of this study is to determine the ultimate strength values of wooden joints made of different wood materials. The research object of this study is an experiment specimen. A total of 54 experiment specimens were made for testing purposes, including ten different types of wooden joints. Quantitative research method is used in the study, which is deductive in its nature, i.e. the discussion moves from general to the individual. The starting point of this quantitative study is an earlier study on the topic "Strength of corner joints in different materials", from Martin Saare's master's thesis from 2014, Tallinn University of Technology, Department of Materials Technology. The hypothesis derived in that study, which examines how different wood materials affect the effectiveness of joints, i.e. how different joints should be more effective in some materials than in others, is verified in the analysis of the data presented in this work. The range of data presented in both studies consists of different connections and materials used in wooden joints, but the hypothesis that is verified by analyzing the data is similar in both studies. In this study, as a result of testing specimens, it was established that connections made of natural wood have higher ultimate strength values than connections made of thermo-treated wood. Likewise, it was found that the use of additional fastening elements in different wooden joints mostly does not strengthen the connection, but weakens its resistance to external loads or forces. Comparing the test results of two different studies, in both cases different connections made of different wood materials behaved in different ways in different wooden joints, in which occasion several corner joints broke cohesively, i.e. the adhesive connection broke, but in some corner joints, the material broke before the adhesive connection broke.
Kirjeldus
Rakenduskõrgharidusõppe lõputöö
Puidutöötlemise tehnoloogia õppekaval
Märksõnad
lõputööd, puitseotised, seotiste lõpptugevuste väärtused, naturaalpuit, termotöödeldud puit, puit konstruktsioonimaterjalina