Use of soil enzyme activity in assessing the effect of No-Till in the South of Russia
Laen...
Kuupäev
2021
Kättesaadav alates
Autorid
Mokrikov, G.
Minnikova, T.
Kazeev, K.
Kolesnikov, S.
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Abstrakt
The activity of 11 enzymes (catalase, dehydrogenases, peroxydases,
polyphenoloxidases, ascorbateoxidase, ferrireductase, β-fructofuranosidase, amylase, urease,
phosphatase and protease) was assessed under conditions of steppe zone in the south of Russia
when using different tillages. Winter wheat and sunflower are main crops in these soils.
Moreover, chickpea, coriander, lint, barley, corn and some other crop are cultivated here in the
crop rotation duration 6 years. Enzyme activity was compared in soils of 15 fields with long-term
no-till (NT) versus to 15 fields with conventional tillage (CT). The researches were held along
the whole Haplic Chernozem Loamic at a depth of 0–65 cm. Special attention was paid to top
soil (0–10 cm), which is directly subject to the mechanical effect. The carbon cycle enzyme
(β-fructofuranosidase) activity was the most sensitive indication for NT use. In top soil the
enzyme activity was greater by 16–35% at NT versus to СТ. Activity of this enzyme reduces by
28–293% when soil depth increasing in both the tillages. Enzymes of different classes had
different behaviours in soils depending on season, crops and tillage thanks to biochemical nature.
Hydrolases and oxidoreductases were assessed by the indices characterizing soil condition and
health. For this purpose geometric mean by hydrolase activity (GMEhd) and geometric mean by
oxidoreductase (GMEox), as well as integral index of biological soil condition (IIBC) were used.
Index GMEox in soil under sunflower reduced by 16% in summer versus to spring. Thereby,
hydrolase index GMEhd reduced by 60%. At NT activity of oxidoreductase was lower by 10 and
13%, and activity of hydrolase was increased by 12 and 14% versus to СТ. Soil IIBS values at
NT increased by 18–35% at average within three years (2016–2018). The use of NT technology
contributes to an increase in the activity of hydrolases and soil quality due to the conservation of
moisture in the soil.
Kirjeldus
Received: October 21th, 2020 ; Accepted: December 11th, 2020 ; Published: December 16th, 2020 ; Correspondence: loko261008@yandex.ru
Märksõnad
bioindicator, biological activity, soil enzymes, No-Till, soil health indexes, articles