Calf neonatal period diarrhea pathogens and association with on-farm mortality
| dc.contributor.advisor | Mõtus, Kerli (advisor) | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Viidu, Dagni-Alice (advisor) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Saarinen, Saana Elina | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2024-06-12T07:48:18Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2024-06-12T07:48:18Z | |
| dc.date.defensed | 2024-06-13 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2024 | |
| dc.description | Final Thesis Curriculum in Veterinary Medicine | eng |
| dc.description.abstract | Important information is missing on the prevalence of neonatal diarrhea causing pathogens in Estonian dairy calves, and how they affect calf mortality. Aim in this study was to find out the prevalence of Cryptosporidium parvum, rotavirus, enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and coronavirus in diarrheic calves reared in large-scale Estonian dairy farms and their impact on mortality during the first three months of calves life. Fecal samples were collected from 615 dairy calves living in 116 large-scale (including more than 100 cows) farms. Samples were analysed with ELISA kit, which detectes antigens of these four pathogens. Descriptive statistics were used to represent the prevalence of the pathogens. Survival analysis (Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional-hazards regression models) was used to identify if there is association between calf positive status for the pathogens and mortality probability. In this study, Cryptosporidium parvum (33.3%) and rotavirus (19.7%) were the most prevalent pathogens among calves under three months of age. Single pathogen infections did not affect calf mortality probability significantly, but a trend of increasing the calf mortality risk in calves harbouring coinfection with Cryptosporidium parvum and rotavirus was identified (p = 0.136). Male calves had higher probability of death compared to female calves (p = 0.006). Breed did not affect the mortality risk. The study findings indicate that effective control programs are needed to prevent Cryptosporidium parvum and rotavirus infections and thus lower the mortality rate of calves under three months of age in large-scale Estonian dairy farms. | eng |
| dc.description.abstract | Tänaseni puudub info vasikate neoonataalperioodi kõhulahtisuse patogeenide levimusest Eesti piimakarja vasikatel ning nende mõjust suremusele. Käesoleva uuringu eesmärk oli välja selgitada Cryptosporidium parvum´i, rotaviiruse, enterotoksilise Escherichia coli ja koroonaviiruse levimus kõhulahtisust põdevatel vasikatel, keda peetakse suurtes Eesti piimafarmides, ning nende mõju suremusele vasikate esimese kolme elukuu jooksul. Roojaproovid koguti 615 piimavasikalt, keda peeti 116 suures (rohkem kui 100 lehmaga) farmis. Proove analüüsiti ELISA meetodil, mis tuvastab nende nelja patogeeni antigeene. Kirjeldavaid statistilisi meetodeid kasutati patogeenide esinemissageduse esitamiseks. Elumusanalüüsi (Kaplan-Meieri analüüsi ja Coxi proportsionaalsete ohtude regressioonmudeleid) kasutati selleks, et tuvastada seost vasikate patogeeni suhtes positiivse staatuse ning suremise tõenäosuse vahel. Käesolevas uuringus olid Cryptosporidium parvum (33.3%) ja rotaviirus (19.7%) kõige levinumad patogeenid alla kolme kuu vanustel vasikatel. Üksikud patogeeniinfektsioonid ei mõjutanud vasika suremuse tõenäosust oluliselt, kuid täheldati, et vasikatel, kes põdesid samaaegselt Cryptosporidium parvum´i ja rotaviiruse infektsioone, oli mõnevõrra kõrgem suremusrisk (p = 0.136). Pullvasikatel oli surma tõenäosus kõrgem võrreldes lehmvasikatega (p = 0.006). Tõug ei mõjutanud suremusriski. Uuringu tulemused näitavad, et vajalik on tõhustada Cryptosporidium parvum´i ja rotaviiruse nakkuste ennetusmeetmeid farmides, mis võiks kaasa tuua vasikate surmajuhtude vähenemise esimesel kolmel elukuul suurtes Eesti piimafarmides. | est |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10492/9408 | |
| dc.publisher | Eesti Maaülikool | |
| dc.rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | |
| dc.subject | magistritööd | est |
| dc.subject | master thesis | eng |
| dc.subject | cryptosporidium parvum | lat |
| dc.subject | rotavirus | eng |
| dc.subject | coronavirus | eng |
| dc.subject | enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli | eng |
| dc.subject | mortality risk | eng |
| dc.title | Calf neonatal period diarrhea pathogens and association with on-farm mortality | eng |
| dc.title.alternative | Vasikate neonataalperioodi kõhulahtisuse patogeenid ja seos suremusega | est |
| dc.type | info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis | |
| rioxxterms.freetoread.startdate | 13.09.2024 |