Effect of nitrogen rate and forecrop on nitrogen use efficiency in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum)
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Kuupäev
2019
Kättesaadav alates
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Abstrakt
Application of plant nutrient is one of the most important measures increasing grain
yield and yield quality. Excessive application of nitrogen fertilizers leads to nitrogen leaching
and it affects the quality of groundwater and surface water. The objective of this research was to
evaluate the effect of nitrogen fertilizer rate on nitrogen use efficiency in winter wheat after two
forecrops. The experiment was conducted at the Research and Study farm ‘Pēterlauki’ of Latvia
University of Life Sciences and Technologies (56° 30.658’ N and 23° 41.580’ E) in four growing
seasons: 2014/2015, 2015/2016, 2016/2017 and 2017/2018. Researched factors were crop rotation
(wheat/wheat and oilseed rape (Brassica napus ssp. oleifera/wheat) and five nitrogen fertilizer
rates (kg ha-1
): N0 or control, N60, N120(90+30), N180(90+60+30) and N240(120+60+60).
Nitrogen fertilizer affected winter wheat grain yield significantly (P < 0.001) and average grain
yield increased significantly (P < 0.049) until nitrogen rate N180. But analyzing it after each
forecrop separately, yield increased significantly (P < 0.05) until N120 after both forecrops.
Nitrogen fertilizer affected nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), nitrogen uptake efficiency (NUpE),
nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUtE) and protein content significantly (P < 0.001). When
increasing nitrogen fertilizer rate NUE, NUpE and NUtE decreased, and higher results were
observed at the lowest nitrogen rates. Increased nitrogen fertilizer rate also increased crude
protein content in grain, and for bread baking suitable grain was obtained only with the highest
N rate: N 240. Forecrop did not affect winter wheat grain yield, however, it affected NUtE
(P < 0.01), NUE (P < 0.001) and nitrogen harvesting index (P < 0.001) significantly; higher
results were observed when wheat was grown after wheat.
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Märksõnad
forecrop, nitrogen fertilizer, winter wheat, nitrogen use, articles