Review: The influence of genotypic and phenotypic factors on the comfort and welfare rates of cows during the period of global climate changes
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Kuupäev
2021
Kättesaadav alates
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Estonian Academic Agricultural Society
Abstrakt
The study of the influence of weather phenomena on
behavioural and physiological processes plays an important role in the
development of highly effective methods of dairy farming management.
Climate and weather factors have important signification in the system of
interaction "organism-environment". One of the main factors of cows’
comfort improvement in different types of premises, on ground runs and
pastures is the creation of such indicators of microclimate that would best
meet the biological needs of dairy cows, depending on the season and
productivity. Due to the constant metabolic processes, the body of cattle
is very hurtable to ambient temperature. This is especially felt during
periods of prolonged low or high-temperature shocks. Disorders of
metabolic and thermoregulatory processes directly affect the duration and
nature of behavioural and physiological reactions and cause stress in
animals. Prolonged temperature stress is the reason for fluctuations in
productivity, quality of milk and problems with reproduction and together
significantly affect the profitability of production. To reduce the impact of
temperature stress on the body of dairy cows, scientists have proposed
management strategies during periods of high and low-temperature shock.
These strategies are divided into genotypic: the selection of heat-resistant
individuals of different breeds and phenotypic: the use of microclimate
control methods and modernization of feeding management methods. The
effect of temperature stress on the body of dairy cows can be minimized
due to genotypic (breeding of heat-resistant breeds) and phenotypic factors
(water irrigation systems, ventilation, and the use of shade shaded shelters
in summer and insulation of side curtains in winter), or a combination
thereof. The purpose of this article is to summarize existing knowledge
about the effects of temperature stress on the health, productivity and
comfort rates of cows and to discuss management strategies that would
mitigate the effects of these factors.
Kirjeldus
Saabunud / Received 21.03.2021 ; Aktsepteeritud / Accepted 04.06.2021 ; Avaldatud veebis / Published online 04.06.2021 ; Vastutav autor / Corresponding author: Oleksandr O. Borshch borshcha@outlook.com
Märksõnad
dairy cows, temperature stress, comfort, productivity, phenotypic, genotypic factors, articles