Komposti sertifitseerimine Eestis
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Kuupäev
2015
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Ajakirja pealkiri
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Abstrakt
2013. aastal võeti Eestis vastu määrus „Biolagunevatest jäätmetest komposti tootmise
nõuded“, mis kehtestab korra komposti ja komposti tootva ettevõtte sertifitseerimiseks.
Sertifikaat antakse liigiti kogutud jäätmetest määruse nõuete kohaselt toodetud kompostile,
mida edaspidi hakatakse kasutama väetise või mullaomaduste parendajana ning mille
tootmisprotsess ja omadused on dokumenteeritud. Käesoleva töö eesmärgiks oli anda
ülevaade komposti sertifitseerimise käigust, asjaajamisest ja nõuetest ning selgitada küsitluse
abil, kas ja mil määral on ettevõtted nõus hakkama oma komposti sertifitseerima. Küsitluse
abil sooviti teada saada, kas ettevõtted on sertifitseerimisprotsessiga kursis ning kas ettevõtted
on nõus oma komposti turustamise nimel komposti sertifitseerimisega tegelema hakkama.
Ettevõtetele suunatud küsimustik koosnes 22 küsimusest. Küsitluse valim koosnes
jäätmekäitlejatest, kes kompostivad biolagunevaid jäätmeid, reoveesetet ja sõnnikut.
Valimisse võeti need komposti tootjad, kes osalesid 2012. aastal uuringus „Ülevaade Eestis
toodetud jäätmekompostidest“.
Küsitlusele vastas 19 ettevõttest 11 ehk 57,9 %. Natukene üle poole ehk 54,5 % ettevõtetest
on kursis sertifitseerimise nõuetega. 27,3 % vastanutest ei ole sertifitseerimisega kursis ning
18,2 % pole komposti sertifitseerimise vastu huvi tundnud. Enamik ettevõtteid sooviksid
taotleda komposti sertifikaati, kui see ära tasub või kui protsess pole liialt keeruline. Vaid ühel
juhul ei soovita sertifikaati taotleda, kuna kompostile ei oleks võimalik seaduse mõistes toote
staatust taotleda. Komposti sertifitseerimise juures on väga tähtsal kohal ettevõtte
enesekontrolli mehhanism. Enam kui pooltel ettevõtetel ehk 63,6 % on enesekontrolli
mehhanism olemas. 18,2 % ei ole enesekontrolli mehhanismi ja 18,2 % on see koostamisel.
Isegi kui ettevõte ei planeeri komposti müüa tootena, aga sellegipoolest soovib saada
võimalikult kvaliteetset komposti, siis olulist kasu saab ta ainuüksi enesekontrolli
kehtestamisega. Kui ettevõtte enesekontrolli mehhanism toimib ja seaduse mõistes on
kompostist võimalik saada toode, siis on ka sertifitseerimisprotsess tunduvalt lihtsam.
In 2013 the government of Estonia adopted the regulation “Requirements for producing compost from biodegradable waste”, which establishes a procedure for certifying a company that produces compost. The certificate is given to compost produced from waste that has been collected by type and is henceforth used as fertilisers or soil conditioners and the production process and properties of which are documented. The objective of this paper is to give an overview of the process, administration and requirements of compost certification and clarify by means of a questionnaire whether and to what extent companies are willing to start certifying their compost. The questionnaire aimed to find out whether companies are familiar with the certification process and are willing to deal with the certification of compost for marketing their compost. The questionnaire directed at companies included 22 questions. The sample consisted of waste handlers who compost biodegradable waste, waste water sediment and manure. The sample included those compost producers who in 2012 participated in the survey “An overview of waste composts produced in Estonia”. 11 out of 19 companies, i.e. 57.9 %, replied to the questionnaire. A little more than half or 54.5 % of the companies are familiar with the certification requirements. 27.3 % of the respondents are not familiar with the certification and 18.2 % have not showed interest in compost certification. Most of the companies would like to apply for a compost certificate if it paid off or the process was not too difficult. Only one company did not wish to apply for a certificate, as it would not be possible to apply for a product status for the compost for the purposes of law. A company’s self-control mechanism plays an important role in compost certification. More than half of the companies, i.e. 63.3 %, have a self-control mechanism. 18.2 % do not have one and 18.2 % are preparing it. Even if a company is not planning to sell compost as a product, but still wants to get high-quality compost, establishing a self-control mechanism will in itself bring significant benefits. If the company’s self-control mechanism is working and for the purposes of law it is possible to get a product from compost, the certification process will also be much easier.
In 2013 the government of Estonia adopted the regulation “Requirements for producing compost from biodegradable waste”, which establishes a procedure for certifying a company that produces compost. The certificate is given to compost produced from waste that has been collected by type and is henceforth used as fertilisers or soil conditioners and the production process and properties of which are documented. The objective of this paper is to give an overview of the process, administration and requirements of compost certification and clarify by means of a questionnaire whether and to what extent companies are willing to start certifying their compost. The questionnaire aimed to find out whether companies are familiar with the certification process and are willing to deal with the certification of compost for marketing their compost. The questionnaire directed at companies included 22 questions. The sample consisted of waste handlers who compost biodegradable waste, waste water sediment and manure. The sample included those compost producers who in 2012 participated in the survey “An overview of waste composts produced in Estonia”. 11 out of 19 companies, i.e. 57.9 %, replied to the questionnaire. A little more than half or 54.5 % of the companies are familiar with the certification requirements. 27.3 % of the respondents are not familiar with the certification and 18.2 % have not showed interest in compost certification. Most of the companies would like to apply for a compost certificate if it paid off or the process was not too difficult. Only one company did not wish to apply for a certificate, as it would not be possible to apply for a product status for the compost for the purposes of law. A company’s self-control mechanism plays an important role in compost certification. More than half of the companies, i.e. 63.3 %, have a self-control mechanism. 18.2 % do not have one and 18.2 % are preparing it. Even if a company is not planning to sell compost as a product, but still wants to get high-quality compost, establishing a self-control mechanism will in itself bring significant benefits. If the company’s self-control mechanism is working and for the purposes of law it is possible to get a product from compost, the certification process will also be much easier.
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