Maakütte süsteemi efektiivsuse suurendamise võimalused päikeseenergia abil
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Kuupäev
2015
Kättesaadav alates
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Abstrakt
Magistritöö eesmärk on välja pakkuda lahendused maakütte süsteemi efektiivsuse tõstmiseks
päikesepaneelide abil. Lõputöö ülesande täitmiseks tutvustatakse soojuspumpasid,
päikesepaneele ja soojusenergia salvesteid. Soojuspumpade ja päikesepaneelide puhul on
tutvutud nende kasutamisega Euroopas ning Eestis ja tutvustatakse erinevaid tüüpe.
Soojusenergia salvestite korral käsitletakse nende kontsep-tsiooni üldiselt ning tutvutatakse
lähemalt tajutava soojuse salvesteid. Lisaks pakutakse välja kaks maakütte süsteemi
lahendust, mis on kombineeritud päikesekollektoritega ja analüüsitakse kui suurt efektiivsust
on nendega võimalik saavutada, kui üldse on võimalik.
Mõlema süsteemi eesmärk on tõsta maasoojuspumba efektiivsust ehk COP’d. Selleks on
analüüsitud neid süsteeme, tehti erinevaid arvutusi ja leiti hinnangulised tulemused. Teada oli,
et küttevajadus oli 25 563 kW·h ja selle vajaduse rahuldamiseks kulutas 10 kW
maasoojuspump 6 753 kW·h elektrienergiat aastas ja keskmiseks COP’ks oli 4,161. Pärast
arvutusi leiti, et süsteem 1 maasoojuspump kulutaks 6 030 kW·h elektrienergiat, mis on 723
kW·h väiksem esialgsest ja aasta keskmine COP oleks 4,452. Süsteem 2 elektrikuluks leiti 6
529 kW·h ja COP’ks kujunes 4,475. Süsteem 1 võimaldab vähendada maasoojus-pumba
elektrikulu hinnanguliselt 10,7 % ja süsteem 2 hinnanguliselt 3,3 %. Põhinedes leitud
tulemustele eelistaks süsteem 1, sest see võimaldab suuremat energia säästu, tõstab
maasoojuspumba efektiivsust ja samas suurendab päikeseenergia kasutamist. Mida suurem on
päikesekollektorite plokk ja soojusenergia salvesti, seda suurem on kokkuhoid
maasoojuspumba elektrikulult. Selliste süsteemide puhul tuleks arvestada suurte
investeerimiskuludega.
The aim of the Master’s thesis is to offer possibilities for increasing the efficiency of geothermal heating system by solar energy. To solve the mission heat pumps, solar panels and thermal energy storages are introduced. The usage in Europe and Estonia and also different types of heat pumps and solar panels are being introduced. Overall conception of thermal energy storage is being handled and sensible thermal energy storagies are examined a bit more thoroughly. Additionally two geothermal heating systems are proposed, which combine solar collectors and they’re efficiency was analyzed. The aim of both systems was to increase the efficiency of geothermal heat pump otherwise COP. For this purpose they were analyzed. It was known that heating demand is 25,563 kW·h and use of electricity of 10 kW geothermal heat pump is 6,753 kW·h per year, which made annual COP 4.161. After the calculations the system 1 used 6,030 kW·h of electricity and the annual COP was 4.452. System 2 used 6,529 kW·h and the COP was 4.475. System 1 is able to decrease the usage of electricity by approximately 10.7 % and system 2 approximately 3,3 %. Based on these values system 1 would be preferred, because it provides bigger savings of electricity, higher increase of the efficiency of geothermal heat pump and bigger fraction of solar energy used. The bigger the block of solar collectors and energy storage used, the higher the savings of electricity of geothermal heat pump, but high investment costs must be condsidered.
The aim of the Master’s thesis is to offer possibilities for increasing the efficiency of geothermal heating system by solar energy. To solve the mission heat pumps, solar panels and thermal energy storages are introduced. The usage in Europe and Estonia and also different types of heat pumps and solar panels are being introduced. Overall conception of thermal energy storage is being handled and sensible thermal energy storagies are examined a bit more thoroughly. Additionally two geothermal heating systems are proposed, which combine solar collectors and they’re efficiency was analyzed. The aim of both systems was to increase the efficiency of geothermal heat pump otherwise COP. For this purpose they were analyzed. It was known that heating demand is 25,563 kW·h and use of electricity of 10 kW geothermal heat pump is 6,753 kW·h per year, which made annual COP 4.161. After the calculations the system 1 used 6,030 kW·h of electricity and the annual COP was 4.452. System 2 used 6,529 kW·h and the COP was 4.475. System 1 is able to decrease the usage of electricity by approximately 10.7 % and system 2 approximately 3,3 %. Based on these values system 1 would be preferred, because it provides bigger savings of electricity, higher increase of the efficiency of geothermal heat pump and bigger fraction of solar energy used. The bigger the block of solar collectors and energy storage used, the higher the savings of electricity of geothermal heat pump, but high investment costs must be condsidered.
Kirjeldus
Märksõnad
magistritööd, geotermaalenergia, päikeseküte, soojusenergia, mäluseadmed, efektiivsus