Elurikkuse võrdlus Järvselja hariliku tamme (Quercus robur) ja hariliku haava (Populus tremula) puistutes
Laen...
Kuupäev
2024
Kättesaadavus
04.09.2024
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Eesti Maaülikool
Abstrakt
Tammikuid esineb Eestis vähe, samuti on tammikute elurikkus väheuuritud. Haavikute
elurikkust on rohkem uuritud, kuid seda ei ole võrreldud tammikutega. Antud
bakalaureusetöö eesmärkideks on tammikute ning haavikute soontaimede,
sammaltaimede ning samblike liigirikkuse ning liigilise koosseisu hindamine, võttes
arvesse valgustingimuste, puistu vanuse, lehevarise koguse, kõdupuidu koguse ning
puuliigi mõju, ning haavikute ja tammikute elurikkuse näitajate võrdlus. Töös
analüüsitavad soontaimede, sammalde ja samblike andmed pärinevad viielt hariliku
tamme (Quercus robur) ja viielt hariliku haava (Populus tremula) proovialalt Järvselja
õppe- ja katsemetskonnas. Kümnelt katsealalt leiti 90 soontaime-, 82 sambla- ja 103
samblikuliiki. Töös selgus, et eelnimetatud liigirühmade liigirikkusele ning -kooslusele
avaldavad mõju erinevad tegurid. Soon- ja sammaltaimede liigirikkust ning koosseisu
mõjutas puuliik (sammalde liigilist koosseisu ka lehevaris). Puistu vanus oli suurim
mõjutegur samblike liigirikkuse ja koosseisu puhul, ning mõjutas ka helviksammalde
arvu. Kaitseväärtuslike liikide ning helviksammalde arv oli suurem rohke lamapuiduga
puistutes. Kõik tegurid peale võrastiku avatuse avaldasid mõju samblike liigilisele
koosseisule. Töö tulemused näitasid, et tammikutes oli liigirikkam rohurinne ja haavikutes
mitmekesisem samblakooslus.
There are few oak forests in Estonia, and there is a lack of studies which focus on oak forests’ biodiversity. While aspen biodiversity has been studied, it has not been compared to oak biodiversity. The objectives of this bachelor’s thesis are to assess and compare vascular plant, bryophyte and lichen diversity and composition in oak and aspen forests, considering factors such as canopy openness, stand age, leaf litter coverage, deadwood coverage and tree species. Vascular plant, bryophyte and lichen biodiversity data used in this paper originates from five oak and five aspen sample plots located in Järvselja Training and Experimental Forestry District. Within ten sample plots, 90 vascular plant, 82 bryophyte and 103 lichen species were identified. The results indicated that different factors had an impact on the species richness and species community of the aforementioned species groups. Factor, which had the greatest effect on vascular plant and bryophyte diversity and species composition was tree species (leaf litter also had an effect bryophyte composition). Stand age had the biggest effect on lichen diversity and species composition, and had a notable effect on liverwort species richness. Greatest number of liverworts and species with conservation value were found in stands which harboured more deadwood. Every factor besides canopy openness affected the composition of lichens. Results indicated that oak stands hosted more species within the herb-layer, and aspen stands possessed a more diverse bryophyte composition.
There are few oak forests in Estonia, and there is a lack of studies which focus on oak forests’ biodiversity. While aspen biodiversity has been studied, it has not been compared to oak biodiversity. The objectives of this bachelor’s thesis are to assess and compare vascular plant, bryophyte and lichen diversity and composition in oak and aspen forests, considering factors such as canopy openness, stand age, leaf litter coverage, deadwood coverage and tree species. Vascular plant, bryophyte and lichen biodiversity data used in this paper originates from five oak and five aspen sample plots located in Järvselja Training and Experimental Forestry District. Within ten sample plots, 90 vascular plant, 82 bryophyte and 103 lichen species were identified. The results indicated that different factors had an impact on the species richness and species community of the aforementioned species groups. Factor, which had the greatest effect on vascular plant and bryophyte diversity and species composition was tree species (leaf litter also had an effect bryophyte composition). Stand age had the biggest effect on lichen diversity and species composition, and had a notable effect on liverwort species richness. Greatest number of liverworts and species with conservation value were found in stands which harboured more deadwood. Every factor besides canopy openness affected the composition of lichens. Results indicated that oak stands hosted more species within the herb-layer, and aspen stands possessed a more diverse bryophyte composition.
Kirjeldus
Bakalaureusetöö
Metsanduse õppekaval
Märksõnad
bakalaureusetööd, alustaimestik, elurikkus, soontaimed, sammaltaimed, samblikud, Roheline Ülikool (töö toetab EMÜ Rohelise Ülikooli põhimõtteid), pärandkooslused, pärandmaastikud, maastikukaitse