Physiological disorders affect apple susceptibility to Penicillium expansum infection and increase probability for mycotoxin patulin occurrence in apple juice
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Kuupäev
2019
Kättesaadavus
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Abstrakt
Penicillium expansum infection of apples and mycotoxin patulin (PAT) production has
previously been associated with many pre- and postharvest factors other than physiological
disorders. In the current study, ‘Antei’ and ‘Krameri tuviõun’ apples with and without bitter pit
(BP) symptoms and ‘Talvenauding’ apples with and without superficial scald (SS) symptoms
were used in order to determine if the named physiological disorders may influence susceptibility
to P. expansum infection and PAT production. Apples were inoculated with 10 μL P. expansum
spore suspension with the concentration of 1×105 conidia mL-1 and stored at 24 °C with relative
humidity (RH) 80%. After 7 and 11 days, lesion diameters were measured, and apples were
pressed into juice. PAT content was determined in pasteurized juice. Two cultivars out of three
showed that in fruit with physiological disorders, Penicilllium infection and PAT production
proceeded significantly faster compared to apples, which did not have physiological disorders.
SS increased the risk for PAT occurrence in juice more than BP: while the juice pressed from
BP–affected apples with no visual signs of fungal diseases did not contain PAT, juice pressed
from apples with SS contained PAT three times above legislative limits defined by the World
Health Organization (50 μg L-1).
Kirjeldus
Article
Märksõnad
bitter pit, blue mould, lesion diameter, superficial scald, articles