Looduslikkuse taastamistegevuse hindamine Karula rahvuspargi püsiproovitükkidel
Laen...
Kuupäev
2015
Kättesaadav alates
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Abstrakt
Metsade looduslikkuse taastamine on tegevus, mis kiirendab muutunud struktuuriga metsade
looduslike omaduste taastumist, eesmärgiga suunata majandusmetsade omadusi
looduslähedasemaks. Teadmine looduslikus seisundis metsa struktuurist ja
funktsioneerimisest on eeskujuks taastamistegevuste planeerimisel ja eesmärkide seadmisel.
Käesoleva bakalaureusetöö eesmärk on analüüsida Karula rahvuspargi looduslikkuse
taastamistegevuse püsipoovitükkide andmeid puistu, loodusliku uuenduse, lamapuidu ja
alustaimestu (soontaimed, samblad ja samblikud) kohta, võrrelda neid reservaadi
püsiproovitükkide andmetega ning hinnata taastamisvõtete mõju looduslikkuse taastumisele.
Karula rahvuspargi looduslikkuse taastamise proovialad on rajatud 2000. aastal Soome ja
Eesti koostööprojekti „Looduse taastamine Eesti kaitsealadel“ raames. Looduslikkuse
taastamise proovialadele on rajatud 2010. aastal kakskümmend püsiproovitükki ja
võrdlusandmete saamiseks 2014. aastal kümme püsiproovitükki Karula rahvusparki
Pautsjärve reservaati. Töö käigus teostati puistu-, loodusliku uuenduse ja lamapuiduinventuur.
Lisaks seirati 2014. aastal esmakordselt proovialadel samblikke, soon- ja sammaltaimi.
Andmed sisestati vastavasse andmebaasi ning andmeid analüüsiti programmi PC-ORD ver
6.06 erinevate analüüsipakettidega.
Proovialadest kõige paremini oli looduslikult uuenenud ülepõletatud häiluga prooviala, kus
esines kõige rohkem männi ja kase looduslikku uuendust. Kuuse ja teiste puuliikide
looduslikku uuendust esines enam reservaadi proovialal. Kõige rohkem lamapuitu esines
reservaadi proovialal, taastamise proovialadest oli lamapuitu rohkem lamapuiduga proovialal.
Tulemuste põhjal järeldub, et taastamisvõtetest omab silmapaistvat mõju alustaimestu
liigirikkusele ja mitmekesisusele ülepõletatud häilu rajamine, mis on suurendanud oluliselt
prooviala looduslikkust.
Forest restoration aims to initiate natural processes in managed forests. Knowledge of the structure and function of natural forests forms the necessary basis for forest restoration activities. The aim of this bachelor’s thesis is to assess the effect of restoration treatments in sample plots of Karula national park on the stand, natural regeneration, coarse woody debris (CWD) and understory vegetation (herbaceous plants, mosses, lichens) and to compare it to data from strict nature reserve of Pautsjärve. The sampling units were implemented on the context of Estonia and Finland cooperation project „Restoring Nature in the Protected Areas of Estonia“ wich launched in 2000. In 2010 twenty permanent sample plots were established. For reference data ten permanent sample plots were established in strict nature reserve of Pautsjärve in 2014. The data of stand, natural regeneration and CWD was collected in 2014 and 2015. For the first time understory vegetation was inventoried in 2014. The data was analysed with programme PC-ORD ver 6.06. The best effect on natural regeneration was on the gaps with burning where the regeneration of Scots pine and birch was the most successful. The abundance of Norway spruce and other trees were the highest on the strict nature reserve sample plots. The most CWD was on the strict nature sample plots, from the restoration sample plots most CWD was on the gaps with deadwood. The gap cutting with burning has significantly good effect on understory vegetation species richness and diversity.
Forest restoration aims to initiate natural processes in managed forests. Knowledge of the structure and function of natural forests forms the necessary basis for forest restoration activities. The aim of this bachelor’s thesis is to assess the effect of restoration treatments in sample plots of Karula national park on the stand, natural regeneration, coarse woody debris (CWD) and understory vegetation (herbaceous plants, mosses, lichens) and to compare it to data from strict nature reserve of Pautsjärve. The sampling units were implemented on the context of Estonia and Finland cooperation project „Restoring Nature in the Protected Areas of Estonia“ wich launched in 2000. In 2010 twenty permanent sample plots were established. For reference data ten permanent sample plots were established in strict nature reserve of Pautsjärve in 2014. The data of stand, natural regeneration and CWD was collected in 2014 and 2015. For the first time understory vegetation was inventoried in 2014. The data was analysed with programme PC-ORD ver 6.06. The best effect on natural regeneration was on the gaps with burning where the regeneration of Scots pine and birch was the most successful. The abundance of Norway spruce and other trees were the highest on the strict nature reserve sample plots. The most CWD was on the strict nature sample plots, from the restoration sample plots most CWD was on the gaps with deadwood. The gap cutting with burning has significantly good effect on understory vegetation species richness and diversity.
Kirjeldus
Märksõnad
loodus, taastamine, alustaimestu, puistud, Karula rahvuspark, bakalaureusetööd