Sepsise esinemine, kliinilised parameetrid, ravi ja lühiajaline elumus neonataalvarssadel Eesti Maaülikooli hobusekliiniku andmetel 2019-2024
Laen...
Kuupäev
2025
Kättesaadav alates
04.09.2025
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Eesti Maaülikool
Abstrakt
Neonataalvarssade sepsis on üks olulisemaid varssade esimeste elunädalate surma põhjuseid. Hoolimata süsteemsest põletikuvastusest ja agressiivsest ravist võib varsa seisund halveneda väga kiirelt, mistõttu on oluline varajane diagnoosimine ja ravi. Antud retrospektiivse juhtude analüüsi eesmärgiks oli vaadelda sepsise esinemist perioodil 01.01.2019-31.12.2024 Eesti Maaülikooli hobusekliinikusse toodud haigete neonataalvarssade seas; kirjeldada ja analüüsida esmaseid kliinilisi parameetreid, diagnoosimist ja ravi; leida lühiajaline elumus, ning võrrelda saadud tulemusi kirjanduses kirjeldatutega.
Uuringu kriteeriumitele vastasid 55 neonataalvarssa ning neil määratleti sepsise esinemine retrospektiivselt uuendatud sepsise skoori (uSS) piirväärtusega >10 või positiivse verekülvi ja süsteemse haiguse alusel.
Uuringus selgus, et sepsise esinemissagedus neonataalvarssadel oli 50,91%. Pre- ja postnataalsetest riskifaktoritest tuvastati enam osalist ja täielikku immuunsuse passiivse ülekande häiret (ingl failure of passive transfer of immunity – FPTI). Sagedasemad kliinilised tunnused olid letargia, tahhüpnoe, tahhükardia ja ebanormaalne limaskestade värvus ning tihti esines kõhulahtisus ja hingamisraskused. Vereanalüüsides täheldati nii ellujäänutel kui ka mitte ellujäänutel sageli leukopeeniat, neutropeeniat, lümfopeeniat, hüpoalbumineemiat ning hüperbilirubineemiat. Samuti leiti, et hüpoglükeemia, hüperlaktateemia ja asoteemia on seotud suremusega. Patsientidel valiti antimikroobne ravi empiiriliselt. Esmavalik oli ampitsilliini ja amikatsiini kombinatsioon ning tsefotaksiim, viimane valiti enamasti siis, kui patsiendil esines asoteemia. Lõputöös uuritud septiliste neonataalvarssade lühiajaline elumus oli 55,56%.
Kliinilised tunnused ja muutused vereanalüüsides olid suuremas osas sarnased kirjanduses leiduvaga. Autor leiab, et uuring on väärtuslik Eesti Maaülikooli hobusekliiniku loomaarstidele, et hinnata diagnoosimis- ja ravimeetodeid ning parandada septiliste neonataalvarssade väljavaateid.
Neonatal foal sepsis is a primary cause of mortality in the first weeks of life. Despite systemic inflammatory responses and aggressive treatment, rapid deterioration is common, making early diagnosis and intervention essential. The aim of this retrospective case study was to analyze and evaluate sepsis occurrence, clinical parameters, diagnostic approaches, treatment and short-term survival in neonatal foals admitted to the Equine Clinic of the Estonian University of Life Sciences between 01.01.2019 and 31.12.2024, comparing results with literature. A total of 55 neonatal foals met the study criteria, and sepsis was retrospectively diagnosed based on an updated sepsis score of >10 or the presence of a positive blood culture together with systemic illness. The study found a sepsis occurrence of 50,91% among neonatal foals. Partial or complete failure of passive transfer of immunity (FPTI) was the most commonly identified risk factor. The most frequent clinical signs were lethargy, tachypnea, tachycardia, and abnormal color of mucous membranes, with diarrhea and respiratory problems also being common. Blood analyses revealed leukopenia, neutropenia, lymphopenia, hypoalbuminemia, and hyperbilirubinemia in both surviving and non-surviving foals. Hypoglycemia, hyperlactatemia, and azotemia were associated with higher mortality. All foals received empirical antimicrobial therapy, typically ampicillin and amikacin, with cefotaxime preferred in azotemic cases. The short term survival of septic neonatal foals was 55,56% Clinical signs and bloodwork changes largely corresponded to those described in the literature. These results offer valuable insights for veterinarians at the Equine Clinic of Estonian University of Life Sciences to optimize diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, potentially improving outcomes for septic neonatal foals.
Neonatal foal sepsis is a primary cause of mortality in the first weeks of life. Despite systemic inflammatory responses and aggressive treatment, rapid deterioration is common, making early diagnosis and intervention essential. The aim of this retrospective case study was to analyze and evaluate sepsis occurrence, clinical parameters, diagnostic approaches, treatment and short-term survival in neonatal foals admitted to the Equine Clinic of the Estonian University of Life Sciences between 01.01.2019 and 31.12.2024, comparing results with literature. A total of 55 neonatal foals met the study criteria, and sepsis was retrospectively diagnosed based on an updated sepsis score of >10 or the presence of a positive blood culture together with systemic illness. The study found a sepsis occurrence of 50,91% among neonatal foals. Partial or complete failure of passive transfer of immunity (FPTI) was the most commonly identified risk factor. The most frequent clinical signs were lethargy, tachypnea, tachycardia, and abnormal color of mucous membranes, with diarrhea and respiratory problems also being common. Blood analyses revealed leukopenia, neutropenia, lymphopenia, hypoalbuminemia, and hyperbilirubinemia in both surviving and non-surviving foals. Hypoglycemia, hyperlactatemia, and azotemia were associated with higher mortality. All foals received empirical antimicrobial therapy, typically ampicillin and amikacin, with cefotaxime preferred in azotemic cases. The short term survival of septic neonatal foals was 55,56% Clinical signs and bloodwork changes largely corresponded to those described in the literature. These results offer valuable insights for veterinarians at the Equine Clinic of Estonian University of Life Sciences to optimize diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, potentially improving outcomes for septic neonatal foals.
Kirjeldus
Lõputöö
Veterinaarmeditsiini õppekaval
Märksõnad
magistritööd, hobune, neonataalvarss, sepsis