Alkoholi tarbimise seosed sotsiaalmajanduslike tegurite ja alkoholipoliitikaga Euroopa Liidu riikides aastatel 2016 ja 2022
Laen...
Kuupäev
2026
Kättesaadavus
04.09.2026
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Eesti Maaülikool
Abstrakt
Alkoholi tarbimine on oluline sotsiaalmajanduslik nähtus, mida mõjutavad inimeste sissetulek, hinnatase ning üldine majanduslik olukord riigis. Nõudlust mõjutavad nii majanduslikud kui sotsiaalsed tegurid, mille mõju võib ajas muutuda. Töö eesmärk on välja selgitada sotsiaalmajanduslike tegurite ja alkoholipoliitika seosed alkoholi tarbimisega Euroopa Liidu riikides aastatel 2016 ja 2022 ning hinnata nende seoste muutumist kahe vaadeldava aasta vahel. Uurimuses kasutatakse Euroopa Liidu riikide statistilisi andmeid alkoholi tarbimise kohta ühe elaniku (vanuses 15+) kohta liitrites puhast alkoholi. Analüüsis kasutatakse sõltumatute muutujatena sisemajanduse kogutoodangut elaniku kohta ostujõu pariteedi alusel, töötuse määra, alkoholi tarbijahinnaindeksit, haridustaset, sissetulekute ebavõrdsuse näitajat, tervishoiukulude osakaalu SKP-st, linnarahvastiku osakaalu ja alkoholipoliitika indeksit. Piirkondlikke erinevuste väljatoomiseks kasutatakse fiktiivseid muutujaid, mis jaotavad riigid neljaks rühmaks: Põhja-, Lõuna-, Lääne- ja Kesk-Euroopa ning Ida-Euroopa. Andmete analüüsimiseks kasutatakse korrelatsioonanalüüsi ja lineaarset regressioonanalüüsi eraldi aastate 2016 ja 2022 kohta. Analüüsi tulemused näitavad, et linnarahvastiku osakaal on mõlemal aastal kõige tugevamalt alkoholi tarbimisega seotud tegur. 2016. aastal oli oluline muutuja ka töötuse määr. 2022. aastal aga kujunes teiseks oluliseks muutujaks alkoholi tarbijahinnaindeks, mis näitab muutusi vaadeldava perioodi majandusolukorras. Tulemused näitavad, et piirkondlikud traditsioonid, ajalooline taust ja tarbimisharjumused võivad alkoholi tarbimist mõjutada sama palju kui majandusnäitajad.
Alcohol consumption is an important socioeconomic phenomenon influenced by people’s income, price levels, and the overall economic situation in a country. Demand is affected by both economic and social factors, the impact of which may change over time. The aim of this study is to identify the relationships between socioeconomic factors, alcohol policy, and alcohol consumption in European Union countries in 2016 and 2022, and to assess how these relationships changed between the two observed years. The study uses statistical data from European Union countries on alcohol consumption per capita (aged 15 and over), measured in litres of pure alcohol. The analysis includes the following independent variables: gross domestic product per capita based on purchasing power parity, unemployment rate, alcohol consumer price index, education level, income inequality indicator, health expenditure as a percentage of GDP, urban population share, and alcohol policy index. To highlight regional differences, dummy variables are used to divide countries into four groups: Northern Europe, Southern Europe, Western and Central Europe, and Eastern Europe. Correlation analysis and linear regression analysis are used separately for the years 2016 and 2022. The results show that the share of urban population was the factor most strongly associated with alcohol consumption in both years. In 2016, the unemployment rate was also a significant variable. In 2022, the alcohol consumer price index became the second most significant variable, reflecting changes in the economic environment during the observed period. The results indicate that regional traditions, historical background, and consumption habits may influence alcohol consumption as much as economic indicators.
Alcohol consumption is an important socioeconomic phenomenon influenced by people’s income, price levels, and the overall economic situation in a country. Demand is affected by both economic and social factors, the impact of which may change over time. The aim of this study is to identify the relationships between socioeconomic factors, alcohol policy, and alcohol consumption in European Union countries in 2016 and 2022, and to assess how these relationships changed between the two observed years. The study uses statistical data from European Union countries on alcohol consumption per capita (aged 15 and over), measured in litres of pure alcohol. The analysis includes the following independent variables: gross domestic product per capita based on purchasing power parity, unemployment rate, alcohol consumer price index, education level, income inequality indicator, health expenditure as a percentage of GDP, urban population share, and alcohol policy index. To highlight regional differences, dummy variables are used to divide countries into four groups: Northern Europe, Southern Europe, Western and Central Europe, and Eastern Europe. Correlation analysis and linear regression analysis are used separately for the years 2016 and 2022. The results show that the share of urban population was the factor most strongly associated with alcohol consumption in both years. In 2016, the unemployment rate was also a significant variable. In 2022, the alcohol consumer price index became the second most significant variable, reflecting changes in the economic environment during the observed period. The results indicate that regional traditions, historical background, and consumption habits may influence alcohol consumption as much as economic indicators.
Kirjeldus
Bakalaureusetöö
Maamajandusliku ettevõtluse ja finantsjuhtimise õppekaval
Märksõnad
bakalaureusetööd, alkoholi tarbimine, sotsiaalmajanduslikud tegurid, Euroopa Liit, korrelatsioonanalüüs, regressioonanalüüs