Taastuvenergial põhinev kuumaveeboileri mudel
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Kuupäev
2016
Kättesaadav alates
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Abstrakt
Energeetikasektori jätkusuutliku arengu tagamise üheks aluseks on taastuvenergia
tehnoloogiate arendamine. Käesolevas töös keskendutakse fotoelektriliste päikesepaneelide
abil muundatud elektrienergia kasutamisele. Kuumaveeboiler on energiasalvestina soodne
lahendus tootmise ja tarbimise vahelise ajalise nihke vähendamiseks. Töö eesmärgiks on
matemaatilise mudeli abil uurida taastuvenergia arvelt kuumaveeboileris temperatuuri
tõstmise mõju. Modelleerimisel kasutatakse eramus tarbitud kuuma vee,
mikrotootmisjaamas mõõdetud muundamisvõimsuste ning uuritava boileri soojuskao
arvutustest saadud andmeid. Mudeliga teostatud simulatsioonide tulemusel leitakse
erinevatel temperatuuridel tarbitavad energiahulgad võrgust, muundatud taastuvenergiast
ning sellest kadude kompenseerimiseks kuluv osa. Tõstes temperatuuri taastuvenergia
tootmistippude ajal boileris maksimaalselt 90 kraadini, suureneb taastuvenergia omatarve
aasta jooksul sõltuvalt boileri mahust 1,6–2,4 korda. Seejuures võrgust tarbitav energiahulk
väheneb 1,3–1,9 korda. Kasulikult akumuleeritud energiahulk aastas on sõltuvalt mahust
490–1264 kilovatt-tundi. Vastavalt boileri mahule on võimalik säästa 49–120 eurot aastas.
Lähtuvalt energeetilisest ning majanduslikust potentsiaalist on temperatuuri tõstmine
kasumlik tegevus, kuid praktilise hinnangu andmiseks tuleks sellist temperatuuri
juhtimisviisi katsetada reaalsetes tingimustes ning seejuures hinnata ka katlakivi tekke
mõju kuumaveeboileri ekspluatatsioonile.
Sustainable development in the energy sector is based on the growth of using renewable energy sources. This thesis focuses on using electricity that is converted from solar energy by photovoltaic solar cells. One of the cheapest ways of reducing the time shift between main electricity production and main consumption times is to use a water heater as an energy accumulator. The main aim of this thesis is to research what kind of effect arises when the temperature of water heater is increased by the renewable peak productions. A mathematical model was developed to estimate the growth of converted energy self consumption and what portion of the growth is used to cover the water heater stand-by energy losses. In addition, the amount of energy used from the power grid was observed. When the temperature was raised from 60 ºC to 90 ºC, the self consumption of renewable energy increased 1,6–2,4 times per year, depending on the water heater capacity. The used energy amount from the power grid was reduced 1,3–1,9 times. Usefully accumulated energy amount per year is 490 kW·h when a water heater with the capacity of 50 liters and 1264 kW·h when a 200 litre water heater is used. This results in saving 49–120 € annually, depending on capacity of the water heater. As the results show, raising the temperature in a water heater is beneficial from both an energetical and economic point of view. Therefore, practical experiments should be carried out for estimating what kind of effect the formation of limescale in the heater would have on the energy consumption and exploitation costs.
Sustainable development in the energy sector is based on the growth of using renewable energy sources. This thesis focuses on using electricity that is converted from solar energy by photovoltaic solar cells. One of the cheapest ways of reducing the time shift between main electricity production and main consumption times is to use a water heater as an energy accumulator. The main aim of this thesis is to research what kind of effect arises when the temperature of water heater is increased by the renewable peak productions. A mathematical model was developed to estimate the growth of converted energy self consumption and what portion of the growth is used to cover the water heater stand-by energy losses. In addition, the amount of energy used from the power grid was observed. When the temperature was raised from 60 ºC to 90 ºC, the self consumption of renewable energy increased 1,6–2,4 times per year, depending on the water heater capacity. The used energy amount from the power grid was reduced 1,3–1,9 times. Usefully accumulated energy amount per year is 490 kW·h when a water heater with the capacity of 50 liters and 1264 kW·h when a 200 litre water heater is used. This results in saving 49–120 € annually, depending on capacity of the water heater. As the results show, raising the temperature in a water heater is beneficial from both an energetical and economic point of view. Therefore, practical experiments should be carried out for estimating what kind of effect the formation of limescale in the heater would have on the energy consumption and exploitation costs.
Kirjeldus
Märksõnad
taastuvad energiaallikad, päikeseenergia, veesoojendid, magistritööd