Puu- ja põlevkivituha mõju puude kasvule Puhatu ammendatud freesturbaväljal
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Kuupäev
2019
Kättesaadav alates
10.09.2019
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Eesti Maaülikool
Abstrakt
Mahajäetud turbatootmisalad, mida meil on ligi 10 000 ha, on Eestis väga oluliseks
keskkonnaprobleemiks, sest need on väga tuleohtlikud, reostavad vett, saastavad
ümbruskonda turbatolmuga, vähendavad looduse elurikkust ja maastike mitmekesisust ning
on suureks CO2 allikaks. Nende keskkonnamõjude leevendamiseks on vaja need korrastada
ning üheks võimaluseks seda teha on nende alade metsastamine. Töö eesmärgiks oli puu- ja
põlevkivituha mõju uurimine arukase (Betula pendula Roth.), hariliku männi (Pinus
sylvestris L.) ja hariliku kuuse (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.) kasvule Puhatu ammendatud
freesturbavälja metsastamisel. Ühelt katsealalt on analüüsitud puude kõrguse ja diameetri
andmeid 2011.-2017. aastast ning teiselt katsealalt 2013.-2016. aastast. Tuhkadega
väetamise positiivne mõju tuli välja kõigi väetuskatsevariantide puhul. Kaskedele ja
mändidele ei tekitanud põlevkivituha segamine puutuha hulka olulist mõju. Küll aga oli
mõju märgatav kuuskede puhul. Teisel katsealal andis 10 t/ha põlevkivituhaga väetatud
katseala keskmise juurekaela diameetri puhul samaväärse tulemuse kaks või enam korda
suuremate puu- ja segutuhkadega võrreldes. Seetõttu annab see töö edaspidist põjust pigem
kuusele põlevkivituhaga väetamise uurimisele. Maksimaalsed saavutatavad keskmised
kõrgused esimesel katsealal olid kaskedel seitse aastat pärast katseala rajamist 415 cm,
mändidel 249 cm ja kuuskedel 188 cm. Teisel katsealal olid nendeks neli aastat pärast
katseala rajamist kaskedel 288 cm, mändidel 106 cm ja kuuskedel 95 cm. Töö tulemused
kinnitavad, et ammendatud freesturbaväljade metsastamisel on tuhkade abil puude
kasvukiiruse stimuleerimine perspektiivikas ning seda tehes oleks mõistlik kaasa aidata
puutuha prügilatesse ja põlevkivituha tuhaväljadele ladestamise vähendamisele.
Abondoned peatproduction areas, which we have about 10 000 hectars here, are a very serious environmental isuse in Estonia because they have a high wildfire risk, they pillute water and the surroundings with peat dust, they reduce the biodiversity of the surroundings and landscapes and are an important source of CO2 emissions. To reduce the severity of these environmental isuses there is a need to restore these areas and one option to do it is afforestation. The aim of the thesis was to study the influence of fertilization with wood and oil shale ash to afforestation Puhatu cutaway peatland with silver birch (Betula pendula Roth.), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.). On one test site the tree heigth and diameter data was analysed for years 2011- 2017 and for year 2013-2016 on the other one. The positiive effect of wood ash fertilization appeared on every fertilization plot. Mixing oil shale ash with wood ash didn’t have any clear effect on birches and pines. However, the effect was noticable in case of spruces. In the second test site, fertilizing with oil shale ash 10 tons per hectar gave equal result on the basal tree diameter compared to the plots fertilized with twice or more larger ash doses. Thus gives this thesis a reason to keep studying the oil shale fertilization influence on spruces in the futuure. The maxsimum reached average heigths arter seven years on the first test site were 415 cm for the birches, 249 cm for the pines and 188 cm for the spruces. On the oher test site they were after four years for the birches 288 cm, for the pines 106 cm and for the spruces 95 cm. The results of the thesis assure that afforestation of the cutaway peatlands using ashes to improve the growth of trees is perspectful and doping this would be reasonable way to prevent accumulating the wood ash to landfills and the oil shale ash to ash deposition sites.
Abondoned peatproduction areas, which we have about 10 000 hectars here, are a very serious environmental isuse in Estonia because they have a high wildfire risk, they pillute water and the surroundings with peat dust, they reduce the biodiversity of the surroundings and landscapes and are an important source of CO2 emissions. To reduce the severity of these environmental isuses there is a need to restore these areas and one option to do it is afforestation. The aim of the thesis was to study the influence of fertilization with wood and oil shale ash to afforestation Puhatu cutaway peatland with silver birch (Betula pendula Roth.), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.). On one test site the tree heigth and diameter data was analysed for years 2011- 2017 and for year 2013-2016 on the other one. The positiive effect of wood ash fertilization appeared on every fertilization plot. Mixing oil shale ash with wood ash didn’t have any clear effect on birches and pines. However, the effect was noticable in case of spruces. In the second test site, fertilizing with oil shale ash 10 tons per hectar gave equal result on the basal tree diameter compared to the plots fertilized with twice or more larger ash doses. Thus gives this thesis a reason to keep studying the oil shale fertilization influence on spruces in the futuure. The maxsimum reached average heigths arter seven years on the first test site were 415 cm for the birches, 249 cm for the pines and 188 cm for the spruces. On the oher test site they were after four years for the birches 288 cm, for the pines 106 cm and for the spruces 95 cm. The results of the thesis assure that afforestation of the cutaway peatlands using ashes to improve the growth of trees is perspectful and doping this would be reasonable way to prevent accumulating the wood ash to landfills and the oil shale ash to ash deposition sites.
Kirjeldus
Bakalaureusetöö
Loodusvarade kasutamise ja kaitse õppekaval
Märksõnad
bakalaureusetööd, väetamine, jääksood, kõrgused, diameeter