Alusmetsa katvus Kallisaare metsise püsielupaigas
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Kuupäev
2015
Kättesaadav alates
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Abstrakt
Töö eesmärgiks on hinnata Järva maakonnas Türi vallas Rassi külas asuva Kallisaare metsise
püsielupaiga alusmetsaga katvust. Selleks teostati püsielupaigas olevatel metsaeraldistel
juhuslikult valitud 100 m2
suurustel ringproovitükkidel alusmetsa arvukuse ja proovitüki
alusmetsaga katvuse määramine. Proovitükkidel loendati liigiti kokku kuni kahe meetri
kõrgused alusmetsa puittaimed ja hinnati silmamõõduliselt, kui suure ala proovitükist loetud
alusmets katab. Tööde käigus hinnati visuaalselt kraavituse mõju alusmetsa arvukusele ja
katvusele ning vajadust puhastustöödeks.
Töö käigus jõuti järeldustele, et metsise elupaigas ei ole oluline alusmetsas kasvava lehtpuu ja
lehtpõõsa liigiline koosseis, vaid alusmetsa arvukus ja nende jaotumine (katvus) proovitüki ja
eraldise suhtes. Püsielupaiga erinevatel eraldistel liikudes ja tähelepanekuid tehes jõuti
järeldusele, et metsisele ei ole takistuseks mitte ainult alusmets, vaid ka kohati väga tihedalt
kasvavad teise rinde ja kõrguses kahe meetri ja teise rinde vahele jäävad puud, mida tuleks välja
raiuda. Sellised alusmetsast puhastamised, kõrguses kahe meetri ja teise rinde vahele jäävate
puude väljaraie ei ole metsanduslikult kasumlik, kuid metsisele vajalik. Töös kasutatakse sellise
raie kohta väljendit „looduskaitseline metsahooldus“
Töö tulemuseks tuvastati, et Kallisaare metsise püsielupaigas vajab looduskaitselist
metsahooldust ligikaudu 66% püsielupaigast. Piiranguvööndist vajab looduskaitselist
metsahooldust ligikaudu 66% ja sihtkaitsevööndist vajab looduskaitselist metsahooldust
ligikaudu 67%. Metsaraietel on lähtutud metsanduslikust kasumist ja metsisele vajalikud
elutingimused on teisejärgulised. Sellest lähtuvalt jõuti järeldusele, et metsise püsielupaigas
tuleb raietele läheneda kompleksselt, lähtudes metsisele vajalikest tingimustest. Alusmetsa
raieid tuleb teostada vastavalt vajadusele, tihedad alusmetsa raied jätavad raiutud võsa
peenikeseks ja võimaldab raiuda madalamalt, tekitades sedasi metsisele vähem takistusi.
Alusmetsa raie käigus tuleb jätta metsisele varjeks kasvama maapinna lähedaste okstega
kuuski, neid võib olla arvukuselt gruppides palju, kuid vahetus läheduses peab olema lendu
tõusmiseks ja muuks liiklemiseks piisavalt alusmetsast vaba ala.
Kraavituse mõju on Kallisaare metsise püsielupaigas väike ja mõju alusmetsa arvukusele ja
katvusele saab vähendada looduskaitselise metsahooldusega.
Lähtudes metsise vajadustest, teostades looduskaitselist metsahooldust, paranevad metsise
eluks vajalikud tingimused. Sellest tulenevalt võimaldame metsise kui liigi säilimise ja loome
eelduse metsise arvukuse suurenemiseks.
The aim of this study is an assessment of underbrush density in Kallisaare permanent habitat of western capercaillie in Rassi village, Türi parish, Järva county, Estonia. The assessment is based on the randomly chosen circular plots of 100 m², in locations of all forest stands in the habitat. The underbrush with height up to 2 meters was counted by species in the plot and underbrush density was also evaluated visually. The effect of ditching to the abundance and density of the underbrush, and also the need for cleaning, was visually evaluated. Conclusions from the assessment are that underbrush species is not important, but location and density of underbrush are important for the capercaillie habitat. Moving and making observations in the different stands at the permanent habitat for capercaillie I came to conclusion that not only the underbrush is an obstacle for capercaillie, but very densely growing trees of the second layer and undergrowth are also obstacles for capercaillie, such trees should be logged. Cleaning from underbrush and cutting out the trees with height less than and in the second layer is not economically profitable, but this is essential for capercaillie. The term used in this study for such cuttings is „habitat maintenance“. The results of the study show that in Kallisaare permanent habitat of the capercaillie 66% of the area needs habitat maintenance. 67% of the limited management zone and 66% of the special protection zone in Kallisaare permanent habitat needs habitat maintenance. Until now, main goal of forest cuttings has not been for improving the conditions of capercaillie habitat. On the permanent habitats of capercaillie, the forest cuttings must be integrated into conservation scheme and maintain the essential conditions for capercaillie. The effect of ditching has been low in the permanent habitat of the capercaillie and its effect to the density of underbrush can be reduced with the habitat maintenance. If habitat maintenance is based on the needs of the capercaillie, the essential conditions for capercaillie will improve consequently.
The aim of this study is an assessment of underbrush density in Kallisaare permanent habitat of western capercaillie in Rassi village, Türi parish, Järva county, Estonia. The assessment is based on the randomly chosen circular plots of 100 m², in locations of all forest stands in the habitat. The underbrush with height up to 2 meters was counted by species in the plot and underbrush density was also evaluated visually. The effect of ditching to the abundance and density of the underbrush, and also the need for cleaning, was visually evaluated. Conclusions from the assessment are that underbrush species is not important, but location and density of underbrush are important for the capercaillie habitat. Moving and making observations in the different stands at the permanent habitat for capercaillie I came to conclusion that not only the underbrush is an obstacle for capercaillie, but very densely growing trees of the second layer and undergrowth are also obstacles for capercaillie, such trees should be logged. Cleaning from underbrush and cutting out the trees with height less than and in the second layer is not economically profitable, but this is essential for capercaillie. The term used in this study for such cuttings is „habitat maintenance“. The results of the study show that in Kallisaare permanent habitat of the capercaillie 66% of the area needs habitat maintenance. 67% of the limited management zone and 66% of the special protection zone in Kallisaare permanent habitat needs habitat maintenance. Until now, main goal of forest cuttings has not been for improving the conditions of capercaillie habitat. On the permanent habitats of capercaillie, the forest cuttings must be integrated into conservation scheme and maintain the essential conditions for capercaillie. The effect of ditching has been low in the permanent habitat of the capercaillie and its effect to the density of underbrush can be reduced with the habitat maintenance. If habitat maintenance is based on the needs of the capercaillie, the essential conditions for capercaillie will improve consequently.
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