Effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of microplastics on amphipods
Laen...
Kuupäev
2022
Kättesaadav alates
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Elsevier
Abstrakt
Lack of microplastics (MP) toxicity studies involving environmentally relevant concentrations and exposure
times is concerning. Here we analyzed the potential adverse effects of low density polyethylene (LDPE) MP at
environmentally relevant concentration in sub-chronic exposure to two amphipods Gmelinoides fasciatus and
Gammarus lacustris, species that naturally compete with each other for their habitats. 14-day exposure to 2 μg/L
(8 particles/L corresponding to low exposure) and 2 mg/L (~8400 particles/L, corresponding to high exposure)
of 53–100 μm LDPE MP were used to assess ingestion and egestion of MP, evaluate its effects on amphipod
mortality, swimming ability and oxidative stress level. Both amphipod species were effectively ingesting and
egesting LDPE MP. On the average, 0.8 and 2.5 MP particles were identified in the intestines of each amphipod
exposed to 2 μg/L and 2 mg/L LDPE MP, respectively. Therefore, intestinal MP after 14-day exposure did not
fully reflect the differences in LDPE MP exposure concentrations. Increased mortality of both amphipods was
observed at 2 mg/L LDPE MP and in case of G. lacustris also at 2 μg/L exposure. The effect of LDPE on swimming activity was observed only in case of G. fasciatus. Oxidative stress marker enzymes SOD, GPx and reduced
glutathione GSH varied according to amphipod species and LDPE MP concentration. In general G. lacustris was
more sensitive towards LDPE MP induced oxidative stress. Overall, the results suggested that in MP polluted
environments, G. lacustris may lose its already naturally low competitiveness and become overcompeted by other
more resistant species. The fact that in the sub-chronic foodborne exposure to environmentally relevant and
higher LDPE MP concentrations all the observed toxicological endpoints were affected refers to the potential of
MP to affect and disrupt aquatic communities in the longer perspective.
This research was funded by the Estonian Research Council (Estonia) grants PUT1512 (M. Heinlaan and M. Raudna-Kristoffersen) and PRG1427 (M. Heinlaan). This work was also supported by the research grants PSG653 (R. Kreitsberg and R. Meitern) and PRG1496 (A. Ivask) of the Estonian Research Council. The project was carried out in collaboration with Võrtsjärv Centre for Limnology of the Estonian University of Life Sciences (EMU). This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 951963.
This research was funded by the Estonian Research Council (Estonia) grants PUT1512 (M. Heinlaan and M. Raudna-Kristoffersen) and PRG1427 (M. Heinlaan). This work was also supported by the research grants PSG653 (R. Kreitsberg and R. Meitern) and PRG1496 (A. Ivask) of the Estonian Research Council. The project was carried out in collaboration with Võrtsjärv Centre for Limnology of the Estonian University of Life Sciences (EMU). This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 951963.
Kirjeldus
Märksõnad
LDPE, crustaceans, Gammarus fasciatus, Gmelinoides lacustris, SiO2, paraquat, articles