Nektariga ja nektarita liikide paljunemise edukus kahe parasvöötme orhidee Gymnadenia conopsea ja Orchis militaris näitel
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Kuupäev
2014
Kättesaadav alates
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Abstrakt
Uurimuse eesmärgiks oli teada saada, millise orhideeliigi idanemine, viljumine ja paljunemisedukus – kas nektariga (Gymnadenia conopsea) või nektarita (Orchis militaris) – on suurem. Uuritakse kuidas erineb neil kahel liigil viljumine seemnete arv, normaalsete seemnete osakaal ja idanemine. Viljumisedukuse ja idanevuse uurimiseks valiti mõlemast liigist kolm erinevat populatsiooni üle Eesti. Peale õitsemist loeti üle viljade arv, koguti igalt taimelt vähemalt kolm kupart ning seejärel laboris määrati seemnete arv kupras ja normaalset embrüot sisaldavate seemnete osakaal kupras. Katsetest selgus, et nektariga liigil on viljumine edukam kui petturil. Kuigi hallil käpal oli seemneid tunduvalt rohkem, siis harilikul käoraamatul oli õite ja viljade arv suurem. Varasematest uuringutest selgus, et need taimed, mis on viljunud risttolmlemise tulemusel, toodavad palju rohkem seemneid kui need taimed, mis on isetolmlenud. Halli käpa puhul on raske öelda, milline sööde andis kõrgemaid tulemusi ning söötme sobivus vajaks kindlasti jätkuvaid uuringuid. Parasvöötme orhideede in vitro idanemist on vähe uuritud ja vajaks kindlasti jätku-uuringuid.
The aim of this research was to find out which of the two orchid species germinates better – the species that produce nectar (Gymnadenia conopsea) or the species that do not produce any nectar (Orchis militaris). In order to study the success of pollination and germination, three different populations from each orchid species were chosen across Estonia. After the blooming the seeds were also counted, then at least three capsules from each plant were taken and all the seeds in each capsule were counted in laboratory. In conclusion, the experiments suggest that the species with nectar is more effective in pollination than the species without nectar. Studies have shown that the plants which were pollinated by cross-pollination produce more seeds than the plants that rely on self-pollination. It is difficult to say which media had better results in case of Orchis militaris and the suitability of the media should be definitely studied more. The germination in vitro of the north temperate zone orchids has not been studied enough and more research definitely needs to be done.
The aim of this research was to find out which of the two orchid species germinates better – the species that produce nectar (Gymnadenia conopsea) or the species that do not produce any nectar (Orchis militaris). In order to study the success of pollination and germination, three different populations from each orchid species were chosen across Estonia. After the blooming the seeds were also counted, then at least three capsules from each plant were taken and all the seeds in each capsule were counted in laboratory. In conclusion, the experiments suggest that the species with nectar is more effective in pollination than the species without nectar. Studies have shown that the plants which were pollinated by cross-pollination produce more seeds than the plants that rely on self-pollination. It is difficult to say which media had better results in case of Orchis militaris and the suitability of the media should be definitely studied more. The germination in vitro of the north temperate zone orchids has not been studied enough and more research definitely needs to be done.
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