Tänavapuhastusmasina juhi töökeskkond ja terviseriskid
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Kuupäev
2016
Kättesaadavus
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Abstrakt
Tänavapuhastajate töö võib oma iseloomult olla küllaltki tervistkahjustav. Enamus tööst
tehakse öösiti ning töötajad on ka ohustatud masinate poolt tekitatud mürast ja
vibratsioonist. Samuti masinatega töö tõttu on töötajad ohustatud sundasenditest ja
korduvliigutustest. Töö tulemusena selgitatakse välja ka muud vähem ilmsed ohutegurid.
Antud tulemuste saamiseks kasutati ankeetküsimustikku, mõõtmis- ja andmetöötlumeetodit
ning andmete statistilist analüüsi. Töö tulemusena selgus:
1. Töötajad teevad ületunde (51 tundi nädalas).
2. 71,4% töötajatest on sageli mürast ja vibratsioonist mõjutatud töökeskkonnas.
3. 71,4% töötajatest leidsid, et puudub karjääri tegemise võimalus ja 81%, et töö on
vastutusrikas ning töötasu ei vasta töötingimustele.
4. 95,2% töötajatest peavad tööd tegema öötundidel ning töö on vahetustega. 71,4%
töötajatest puutuvad kokku nakkusohtlike materjalidega (tolm ja kemikaalid).
5. Sundasendeid ja korduvliigutusi esines vastavalt 90,5% ja 95,2% töötajatest.
6. Kõige enam koormatud kehaosad on kaela-õlapiirkond (81%), käed ja randmed
(57,1%) ning selg (52,4%). Kõige enam kehalisi vaevusi esines seljas (90,5%),
kaelas ja õlgades (47,2%) ning kõige enam terviseprobleeme viimase 3 kuu jooksul
on olnud seljas (90,5%), kaela-õlapiirkonnas (81%) ja probleeme unega (57,1%).
Mõõtetulemustest selgus, et Hako ja Aebi 5000 masinate puhul tuleb rakendada
vibratsiooni (päevane kokkupuude vastavalt 0,61 m/s2
ja 0,54 m/s2
) ja müra (päevane
kokkupuude 81,5 dB(A) ja 80,2 dB(A)) vähendavaid meetmeid.
Street cleaners job can be quite detrimental to the health. Working at nights, while machines cause noise and vibration. Employees are affected by static positions and repetitive motions. Results were obtained through questionnaire, vibration and noise measurements and statistical analysis. Based on this study, it can be concluded that: 1. The empoyees work on average 51 hours a week and the average worker is overweight (BMI 27,4±5,6). 71,4% of the employees are often working in an environment which is affected by noise and vibration. 2. 71,4% of the employees agreed that there was lack of career achievement possibilities, 81% said that the work requires high amount of responsibility and that the salary does not correspond with the work environment. 3. 95,2% of the employees have to work during night shifts. 71,4% of the employees have contact with hazardous materials. 90,5% of the employees are affected by static positions, 95,2% of them are affected by repetetive motions. 4. The most overstrained areas are neck-shoulder (81%), hand-wrists (57,1%) and lower back (52,4%). Most of the complaints come from lower back (90,5%), shoulders-neck (47,2%). During the last 3 months health problems were related to lower back (90,5%), shoulder and neck (81%) and disruptions in sleep (57,1%). 5. The results indicate that vibration and noise alleviating methods should be used with Hako and Aebi 5000 machines, where the exposure to vibration is accordingly 0,61 m/s2 and 0,54 m/s2 and to noise 81,5 dB(A) and 80,2 dB(A).
Street cleaners job can be quite detrimental to the health. Working at nights, while machines cause noise and vibration. Employees are affected by static positions and repetitive motions. Results were obtained through questionnaire, vibration and noise measurements and statistical analysis. Based on this study, it can be concluded that: 1. The empoyees work on average 51 hours a week and the average worker is overweight (BMI 27,4±5,6). 71,4% of the employees are often working in an environment which is affected by noise and vibration. 2. 71,4% of the employees agreed that there was lack of career achievement possibilities, 81% said that the work requires high amount of responsibility and that the salary does not correspond with the work environment. 3. 95,2% of the employees have to work during night shifts. 71,4% of the employees have contact with hazardous materials. 90,5% of the employees are affected by static positions, 95,2% of them are affected by repetetive motions. 4. The most overstrained areas are neck-shoulder (81%), hand-wrists (57,1%) and lower back (52,4%). Most of the complaints come from lower back (90,5%), shoulders-neck (47,2%). During the last 3 months health problems were related to lower back (90,5%), shoulder and neck (81%) and disruptions in sleep (57,1%). 5. The results indicate that vibration and noise alleviating methods should be used with Hako and Aebi 5000 machines, where the exposure to vibration is accordingly 0,61 m/s2 and 0,54 m/s2 and to noise 81,5 dB(A) and 80,2 dB(A).
Kirjeldus
Märksõnad
müra, vibratsioon, töökeskkond, riskitegurid, töötajad, magistritööd