Rohunditerikaste kuusikute elupaiga seisundi ja taimestiku analüüs
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Kuupäev
2015
Kättesaadavus
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Abstrakt
Natura 2000 on Euroopa Liidu loodusalade võrgustik, mille eesmärgiks on tagada
Euroopa väärtuslike ja ohustatud liikide ning elupaikade pikaajaline püsimajäämine.
Rohunditerikkad kuusikud (elupaigatüüp 9050) moodustavad 5,8% Eesti Natura 2000
metsaelupaikade pindalast.
Magistritöö eesmärgiks on uurida, kas Lõuna-Eesti rohunditerikaste kuusikute seisundis
on toimunud positiivseid muutuseid alates Eesti liitumisest Natura 2000 võrgustikuga
2004. aastal ning analüüsida rohunditerikastes kuusikutes esineva taimestiku liigilist
koosseisu.
Välitöödeks valiti Lõuna-Eestis paiknevatest 9050 elupaikadest juhuslikult 35 seireala.
Seiret tehti kahel meetodil, mis andsid ülevaate elupaiga esindusklassist,
looduslikkusest ning seal esinevatest häiringutest. Sellest lähtuvalt saadi igale alale
hinnanguskoor, mida kasutati edasises andmeanalüüsis. Lisaks elupaigatüübi
hindamisele teostati ka alustaimestiku inventeerimine, milleks rajati 14 alale
taimkatteruudud.
Elupaigatüübi hindamistulemused näitavad, et välitöödel hinnatud 35 alast 23 ei
kvalifitseeru elupaigatüübiks 9050. Arvestades EELIS andmebaasi ja välitöödel
kogutud andmeid, leidub kõigi seirealade peale kokku 32 kaitsealust liiki. Taimestiku
inventeerimisel leiti kõigi proovitükkide peale kokku 100 taimeliiki.
Alustaimestiku analüüsid viidi läbi programmides R ja PC-ORD, kus teostati
dispersioonanalüüse, leiti Shannoni ja Simpsoni indeksid ning kasutati analüüsipakette
ISA (Indicator Species Analysis), DCA (Detrended Correspondence Analysis) ja NMS
(Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling).
Magistritöö andmetest selgub, et rohunditerikaste kuusikute olukord Eestis ei ole hea.
Olukorra muutmiseks tuleb välja töötada reaalsed ja toimivad kaitsetegevused, kuid
selleks on äärmiselt oluline alade regulaarne inventeerimine ja teadusuuringud.
Natura 2000 is an EU network of nature conservation areas with an objective to ensure the long-term survival of European valuable and threatened species and habitats. Herbrich spruce forests (habitat type 9050) constitute 5.8% of the Natura 2000 forest habitats in Estonia. The aim of this MSc thesis is to study if there are positive developments in the habitat quality of herb-rich spruce forests since Estonia joined Natura 2000 network in 2004 and to analyse species compositions of vegetation in herb-rich spruce forests. 35 sample areas were randomly selected for the field study from all areas in the habitat type 9050 in Southern Estonia. Two different methods for habitat quality assessment were used giving an overview on habitat representativeness, naturalness and recent disturbances. Each area was evaluated with a habitat quality score used in following data analysis. In addition to habitat quality assessment, the assessment of ground vegetation was done on 14 sample plots. Habitat quality assessment showed that from 35 areas evaluated 23 do not qualify as habitat type 9050. Considering relevant databases and fieldwork data, there are 32 protected species on all sample areas. Vegetation assessment showed that on the sample areas were 100 plant species in total. Ground vegetation analysis was done with the R and PC-ORD software using ANOVA analysis, calculating Shannon and Simpson indexes and analysis tools ISA (Indicator Species Analysis), DCA (Detrended Correspondence Analysis) and NMS (Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling). The thesis shows that the overall condition and status of herb-rich spruce forests is not good in Estonia. The realistic and efficient conservation measures should be elaborated to change the situation, this needs also regular inventory of habitats and appropriate research activities.
Natura 2000 is an EU network of nature conservation areas with an objective to ensure the long-term survival of European valuable and threatened species and habitats. Herbrich spruce forests (habitat type 9050) constitute 5.8% of the Natura 2000 forest habitats in Estonia. The aim of this MSc thesis is to study if there are positive developments in the habitat quality of herb-rich spruce forests since Estonia joined Natura 2000 network in 2004 and to analyse species compositions of vegetation in herb-rich spruce forests. 35 sample areas were randomly selected for the field study from all areas in the habitat type 9050 in Southern Estonia. Two different methods for habitat quality assessment were used giving an overview on habitat representativeness, naturalness and recent disturbances. Each area was evaluated with a habitat quality score used in following data analysis. In addition to habitat quality assessment, the assessment of ground vegetation was done on 14 sample plots. Habitat quality assessment showed that from 35 areas evaluated 23 do not qualify as habitat type 9050. Considering relevant databases and fieldwork data, there are 32 protected species on all sample areas. Vegetation assessment showed that on the sample areas were 100 plant species in total. Ground vegetation analysis was done with the R and PC-ORD software using ANOVA analysis, calculating Shannon and Simpson indexes and analysis tools ISA (Indicator Species Analysis), DCA (Detrended Correspondence Analysis) and NMS (Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling). The thesis shows that the overall condition and status of herb-rich spruce forests is not good in Estonia. The realistic and efficient conservation measures should be elaborated to change the situation, this needs also regular inventory of habitats and appropriate research activities.
Kirjeldus
Märksõnad
rohunditerikaste, kuusikud, taimestik, analüüs, magistritööd