Kasemahla keemiline koostis ja selle dünaamika mahlakogumise perioodil
Laen...
Kuupäev
2013
Kättesaadav alates
ainult raamatukogus, only in library
Autorid
Kungla, Leanella
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Abstrakt
Antud töö eesmärk on uurida arukasemahla koostist ja selle dünaamikat sõltuvalt kasvukohast ning mahla kogumise kõrgusest.
Esimeses töö osas (kirjanduse ülevaates) antakse ülevaate kasemahla uurimustest, kogmise tehnoloogiast ja koostisest.
Teises töö osas antakse ülevaade analüüsi metoodikatest ja töö tulemustest. Kasemahla koguti kahes piirkonnas. Esimene mahla kogumise koht oli Kuristal, Võnnu vallas, Tartu maakonnas perioodil 02.04.2012 kuni 20.04.2012. Kasemahla kogumiseks valiti kolm erinevas keskkonnas kasvavat arukaske. Mahla kogumist sooritati puude lõunapoolsest küljest kolmelt kõrguselt: 0,5 m, 1,5 m ja 2,5 m. Katse perioodi jooksul võeti iga 3-4 päeva tagant proove. Teiseks koguti kasemahla 2012 aastal Järvseljal, Meeksi vallas, Tartu maakonnas Eesti Maaülikooli alla kuuluvas sihtasutuses „Järvselja Õppe- ja katsemetskond“. Kasemahla koguti 1,65 m kõrguselt puu lõuna- ja põhjapoolsetest külgedest kahes erinevas keskkonnas.
Antud töö eksperimentaalses osas teostati mahla kuivainesisalduse, tiheduse, kalorsuse, pH, hägususe ja kasemahla koostise osakeste mass-spektomeetriline tuvastamine. Analüüsiti puu põhja- ning lõunapoolselt küljelt kogutud mahla, erinevatelt kõrgustelt ja erinevates keskkonnas asuvate puude mahla. Analüüsiti ka mahla koostise dünaamikat ajas. Kasemahla proovide mass-spektomeetriliste andmetega teostati peakomponentanalüüs.
Kasemahla on kasulik koguda terve tema jooksmise perioodil. Arvestades meie pikki talvi ja eriti kevadist vitamiinipõuda on kasemahl suurepärane maitsev kevadine toitainete allikas. Kasemahla on mõistlik koguda tööstuslikul eesmärgil kuid vajalik on kogumis- ja töötlemistehnoloogiate väljatöötamine.
The aim of this work was to investigate the chemical composition of Betula pendula sap and its dynamics depending on its growing location and gathering altitude. The first part of the work (review of relevant literature) gives an overview of birch sap studies, its composition and gathering technique. The second part of the work presents the methods for conducting the experiments and the statistical analysis of the results. Sap was gathered from two different locations. First location was Kurista, Võnnu vald, Tartu County from 02.04.2012 to 20.04.2012. The sap was gathered from three birches, all growing in different environmental conditions. The sap was gathered from the south side of the trees from three different altitudes at 0,5 m, 1,5 m and 2,5 m. During the tests period a sample was taken from every 3 to 4 days. The second location of gathering was at Järvselja, Meeksi vald, Tartu County in Järvselja Õppe- ja Katsemetskond in April 2012. The sap was gathered at an altitude of 1,65 m from the south and north sides of the tree in two different environments. In the experimental part of the work, several analyses were performed with birch sap to determine the soluble solids, density, calorific value, pH and haze. The composition of birch sap particles was analyzed using the mass spectrometric detection. Tests were made with the sap gathered from north and south sides of tree, with the sap gathered from different altitudes and from trees growing in different environmental conditions. The dynamics of the saps composition in time was also analyzed. The main component analysis was carried out using the data from the mass spectrometric detection. Birch sap is a good vitamin source taking into account that our winters are long and vitamin deficiency is big in spring. It is reasonable to gather birch sap on industrial purposes but it is necessary to develop techniques for industrial gathering and treatment.
The aim of this work was to investigate the chemical composition of Betula pendula sap and its dynamics depending on its growing location and gathering altitude. The first part of the work (review of relevant literature) gives an overview of birch sap studies, its composition and gathering technique. The second part of the work presents the methods for conducting the experiments and the statistical analysis of the results. Sap was gathered from two different locations. First location was Kurista, Võnnu vald, Tartu County from 02.04.2012 to 20.04.2012. The sap was gathered from three birches, all growing in different environmental conditions. The sap was gathered from the south side of the trees from three different altitudes at 0,5 m, 1,5 m and 2,5 m. During the tests period a sample was taken from every 3 to 4 days. The second location of gathering was at Järvselja, Meeksi vald, Tartu County in Järvselja Õppe- ja Katsemetskond in April 2012. The sap was gathered at an altitude of 1,65 m from the south and north sides of the tree in two different environments. In the experimental part of the work, several analyses were performed with birch sap to determine the soluble solids, density, calorific value, pH and haze. The composition of birch sap particles was analyzed using the mass spectrometric detection. Tests were made with the sap gathered from north and south sides of tree, with the sap gathered from different altitudes and from trees growing in different environmental conditions. The dynamics of the saps composition in time was also analyzed. The main component analysis was carried out using the data from the mass spectrometric detection. Birch sap is a good vitamin source taking into account that our winters are long and vitamin deficiency is big in spring. It is reasonable to gather birch sap on industrial purposes but it is necessary to develop techniques for industrial gathering and treatment.
Kirjeldus
Märksõnad
bakalaureusetööd, kasemahl, kontsentreerimine, siirupid, kogumine, töötlemine, tehnoloogiad