Avaldamisel
Selle kollektsiooni püsiv URIhttp://hdl.handle.net/10492/3352
Sirvi
Viimati lisatud
Kirje Productive and feeding performance of dairy cows fed sugarcane bagasse ammoniated with urea and cottonseed(Estonian University of Life Sciences, 2026) Ribeiro, A.S.; Pires, A.J.V.; Santos, D.C.; Albuquerque, M.L.P.; Silva, F.F.; Dutra, I.C.; Amorim, S.S.; Galvao, P.C.S.; Santos, M.L.S.; Amaral, M.V.; Publio, P.P.P.; Oliveira, G.R.S.The objective was to evaluate the use of ammoniated sugarcane bagasse (ASB) and cottonseed (CS) in the diet for lactating cows and their effects on intake, nutrient digestibility, dairy performance, microbial synthesis and ingestive behavior. The experiment was carried out at Bela Vista Farm (Encruzilhada-BA) and at the Forage and Pasture Laboratory of UESB (Itapetinga-BA), using eight multiparous ½ Holstein/Zebu crossbred cows with an average lactation of 20 kg day-1 and body weight of 454.7 ± 23.6 kg. The cows were distributed in two 4×4 Latin squares, in a 2×2 factorial scheme, evaluating ammoniated sugarcane bagasse (30% or 40%) associated or not with cottonseed (0% or 18%). The experiment had four periods of 21 days, 17 of adaptation and 4 of collection, totaling 84 days. The interaction between the proportions of ASB and CS was not significant for any of the variables evaluated. The inclusion of 30% sugarcane bagasse obtained from sugarcane bagasse resulted in higher intakes of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), non-fibrous carbohydrates (NFC), and total digestible nutrients (TDN), without influencing the consumption of neutral detergent fiber corrected for ash and protein. Higher intake (P < 0.05) of DM, CP, NFC, and TDN was observed in the diet without sugarcane bagasse, and in the diet with sugarcane bagasse, EE intake was higher (P < 0.05). The ASB content and the inclusion of CS influenced digestibility at 40% ASB, and with CS, they provided lower digestibility. Furthermore, individual factors did not affect these variables (P < 0.05). Feed efficiency and percentage of total solids in milk were higher for diets with 40% ASB. The use of 40% ASB with CS is recommended.Kirje Effect of different date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) compost modalities on soil parameters in the Algerian Semi-Arid Zone(Estonian University of Life Sciences, 2026) Rebai, M.; Guimeur, K.; Boulelouah, N.; Bedjaoui, H.; Haddad, D.In the vast regions of eastern Algeria, the calcareous soils are characterised by low fertility. Moreover, these soils frequently lack organic matter and essential nutrients, limiting sustainable yield potential. This study aimed to assess the impact of using locally sourced date palm compost with mineral fertilisers on the improvement of soil fertility in a cereal-based system. A field experiment was arranged in a randomised complete block design (RCBD) with 11 treatments: date palm compost applied at three rates (C1: 30 t ha⁻¹, C2: 50 t ha⁻¹, C3: 70 t ha⁻¹), either alone or combined with monoammonium phosphate (C1M, C2M, C3M: 100 kg ha⁻¹ MAP) or urea (C1U, C2U, C3U: 50 kg ha⁻¹ urea), one treatment with sheep manure at 45 t ha⁻¹, and an untreated control.. The study evaluated the effects of varying rates of date palm compost and mineral fertilisers on soil chemical characteristics at two depths (0–20 cm and 20–40 cm). Results indicated that elevated compost rates, whether applied alone or combined with mineral fertilisers, significantly improved organic matter content, nutrient availability, and soil chemical balance at both depths. Combined treatments C3U (70 t ha⁻¹ compost + 50 kg ha⁻¹ urea) and C3M (70 t ha⁻¹ compost + 100 kg ha⁻¹ MAP) showed the greatest improvements, with C3M identified as the optimal treatment. Integrated date palm compost fertilisation is well-suited to the region's calcareous soils, enhancing nutrient availability, improving soil fertility, and efficiently utilising a locally available resource. These findings suggest that integrating date palm compost with mineral fertilisers is a sustainable approche to improving soil fertility in semi-arid mediterranean systems.Kirje Estimating spring wheat nitrogen use efficiency via proximal and UAV sensing in Northwest Latvia(Estonian University of Life Sciences, 2026) Jansone, Z.; Bleidere, M.; Putniece, G.Phenotyping nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is labour-intensive and time-consuming, often requiring destructive biomass sampling. Cost-effective sensing tools provide a promising alternative for rapid assessment of numerous wheat genotypes. In this study, sixteen spring wheat genotypes were evaluated in Latvia over three consecutive years (2021–2023) under two nitrogen fertilization levels (N75 and N150) in a split-split-plot design with two replicates, totaling 64 plots. NUE consistently differed between N rates and was strongly influenced by year-specific environmental conditions, providing contrasting scenarios for testing sensing approaches. To capture this variation, two platforms were tested for spectral estimation of NUE: a low-cost proximal phenomobile equipped with an RGB sensor, and an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) with a multispectral sensor. Canopy reflectance was measured at three growth stages (tillering, flowering, and milk development) to calculate 8 proximal and 9 UAV-based visible-spectrum vegetation indices (VIs). Although relationships between VIs and NUE were environmentally dependent, significant and robust correlations were found. Proximal sensing generally provided stronger prediction models, with the Normalized Green-Red Difference Index (NGRDI) and Green Area Index (GA) consistently most predictive across years. The milk development stage (GS75) proved optimal for NUE estimation. Comparisons of NGRDI between platforms demonstrated their compatibility, though UAVs offer higher throughput for large-scale phenotyping. These findings highlight the potential of integrating agronomic evaluation with canopy reflectance traits to support breeding and precision nitrogen management.Kirje Breaking new ground: floristic diversity and conservation implications in Bordj Bou Arreridj Forests, Algeria(Estonian University of Life Sciences, 2026) Belloula, S.; Khababa, N.; Tiet, R.; Amara Korba, R.This study assessed the floristic diversity and conservation status of two ecologically significant forests in Bordj Ghedir region, southeastern Bordj Bou Arreridj, Algeria: Ouled Hanneche (10,221.69 ha) and Ouled Khelouf (8,580.47 ha), covering a combined area of 18,802.16 hectares. Field inventories conducted in March 2023 across 13 stations, with 13 plots collected using random sampling methods. We identified 71 plant species from 32 families and 64 genera. The Asteraceae and Lamiaceae families were dominant. Hemicryptophytes and Therophytes were the most abundant life forms, and chorological analysis indicated a predominance of Mediterranean elements. Ecological indices (Shannon H' up to 3.602; Simpson 1-D up to 0.97) confirmed high species richness and diversity, particularly in the Ouled Hanneche forest. Despite this richness, the ecosystems face threats from overgrazing, wildfires, and insect pests. The findings provide a critical baseline for conservation and underscore the need for sustainable management strategies, including protected area enforcement and community engagement, to preserve this unique Mediterranean biodiversity hotspot.Kirje LED light distance and split fertilization effects on growth and morphological characteristics of red lettuce in urban cultivation system(Estonian University of Life Sciences, 2025) Ramadhani, F.; Lakitan, B.; Suwignyo, R.A.; Susilawati, S.Light intensity and nutrients needed for plant growth are important factors in cultivation systems. Information regarding the distance of light sources and fertilization intervals for growing red lettuce in urban cultivation systems is still limited. This study evaluated the effects of LED light distance (35 cm and 50 cm) and split fertilizers (2nd and 3rd) on the growth and morphological of red lettuce in urban cultivation systems. The results showed a significant interaction between light distance and fertilization on morphological traits (leaf, stem, and root growth) and physiological parameters (chlorophyll a, b, and total chlorophyll). The distance of the light source had no significant effect on anthocyanin accumulation. A source light of 35 cm (SL-35) exhibited more dominant vegetative growth in the canopy, as indicated by a higher shoot weight ratio (SWR). The growth was predominantly concentrated in shoot tissues, with maximum leaf size achieved around 14 days after complete leaf expansion. Plants receiving split fertilization reached maximum leaf expansion slightly earlier, at around day 12. The leaf area was accurately estimated using a zero-intercept quadratic linear regression model based on leaf length and width (R² = 0.9851).Kirje Evaluation of maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines for tolerance to Aluminum toxicity using selection indices(Estonian University of Life Sciences, 2025) Zishiri, R.M.; Mutengwa, C.S.; Tandzi, L.N.; Manyevere, A.Selection of genotypes with better yield performance when exposed to stress (biotic or abiotic) is key objective for every plant breeding program. Aluminum toxicity is one of the significant constraints to maize production in acidic soils in many parts of the world. The aim of this study was to identify desirable genotypes with Al tolerance based on selection indices at seedling stage and identify the most effective selection indices under Al stress conditions. 75 Quality Protein Maize (QPM) genotypes were evaluated in CRD with three replicates in the laboratory using a nutrient solution screening method. Additionally, the same genotypes were also screened in the greenhouse arranged in RCBD with three replicates using soil bioassays. The genotypes were exposed to aluminum (Al) toxicity and non-toxic conditions. Data were collected and seven selection indices namely: Stress susceptibility index (SSI); stress tolerance index (STI); geometric mean productivity (GMP); Tolerance index (TOL); Stress Resistance Index (SRI); Percentage Reduction (PCRD); and Mean Productivity (MP) were calculated. Dry Matter (DM) yield under Al toxicity and non-toxic conditions had highly significant (p < 0.001) effects with GMP, STI, SRI and MP, suggesting that these indices have the potential to differentiate genotypes for Al tolerance. Significant and negative correlations were observed between DM and PCRD, TOL, and SSI. Indices that had highly significant and very strong correlations amongst themselves were PCRD with SSI (r = 1.00), and GMP with STI (r = 1.00). The most desirable selection indices that can be used to select tolerant QPM genotypes included GMP, STI, SRI, PCRD, and TOL as they had strong correlations with dry matter under Al toxicity. The tested genotypes were classified into four groups using the principal component (PCA) analysis known as QPM genotypes with high performance under both environments (Group 1), those with high performance under optimum conditions (Group 2), genotypes with high performance under Al stress conditions (Group 3) and those with low performance under both conditions (Group 4). The top five most tolerant maize inbred lines were CML 486, QSY 2, IBL 9, IBL 5 and IBL 4. These tolerant genotypes could be used as parent material for hybridization programs in developing Al tolerant cultivars.