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2021, Vol. 32, No. 1

Selle kollektsiooni püsiv URIhttp://hdl.handle.net/10492/6926

Sirvi

Sirvi 2021, Vol. 32, No. 1 Märksõna "clod-crushing" järgi

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  • Pisipilt
    Kirje
    Experimental research into operation of potato harvester with rotary tool
    (Estonian Academic Agricultural Society, 2021) Ihnatiev, Yevhen; Bulgakov, Volodymyr; Bonchik, Vitaliy; Ruzhylo, Zinoviy; Zaryshnyak, Anatoliy; Volskiy, Volodymyr; Melnik, Viktor; Olt, Jüri; Estonian University of Life Sciences. Institute of Technology
    The experimental research was carried out on a specially designed laboratory-and-field test unit with the use of a hydraulic vertical rotor drive and strain-gauge equipment mounted on a tractor as well as the set of interchangeable coupling pieces for setting the machine's operating duty. Research into the process of breaking two adjacent potato row beds with the vanes of a vertical rotor has been undertaken. A design and process schematic model has been proposed for the operation of the potato harvester. Experimental research into the geometrical parameters of the potato row has been carried out to select the design parameters of potato harvesters. Based on the results obtained during the experimental investigations, the rational ranges have been established for the work process of the rotary potato harvester, the methods of engineering clod breaking tools have been developed. Following the completion of the full factorial experiment, regression functions have been generated. Their analysis has proved that the following factors have the greatest impact on the optimisation parameters: the rotor diameter and the clearance between the rotor and the spherical discs. The following parameters have been optimised based on the response surface analysis: soil separation ratio S = 93.5%, tuber damage rate Pb = 0.97%, total power consumption by unit operation Nа = 18.27 kW, at the following pre-set values of the factors: nр = 77 min–1, Vm = 2.2 m∙s–1, dр = 0.825 m, l2 = 0.3 m. The maximum discrepancy between the results of the theoretical and experimental investigations for determining the design and process parameters of the potato harvester does not exceed 15%. The completed economic testing has proved the advantages of the experimental potato harvester as compared to the existing ones. That said, the separation ratio of the pilot machine is equal to S = 91.4%, which is 23% higher than in the reference case, while its tuber damage rate is equal to 1.14%, which is 5.0% better than in the reference case. The recommendations for the selection of the rational operation duty of the rotary potato harvester as well as the methods for the engineering analysis of the design and process parameters of clod breaking tools have been developed.
  • Pisipilt
    Kirje
    Research into the parameters of a potato harvester's potato heap distributor, and the justification of those parameters
    (Estonian Academic Agricultural Society, 2021) Olt, Jüri; Adamchuk, Valerii; Korniushyn, Viktor; Melnik, Viktor; Kaletnik, Hryhoriy; Ihnatiev, Yevhen; Ilves, Risto; Estonian University of Life Sciences. Institute of Technology
    The low levels of efficiency and general quality when it comes to the use of potato harvesters in difficult soil and climatic conditions substantiate the relevance of the problem which is faced in terms of research by technologically advanced equipment and tools. They are looking to increase the efficiency of potato harvesters. This paper serves to justify the formation of the design and technical parameters of the V-type distributor, which directly acts on the undermined mass to increase the ability of the potato harvester to separate the soil. Preliminary experimental studies have shown that to achieve efficient technological processing in terms of the distribution of the general soil and potato heap, the distributor must possess the appropriate technological and design parameters. Calculations which have been carried out by using as a basis the theoretical dependencies that have been obtained serve to allow us to determine the optimum speed of progress through the heap, using the following design and kinematic parameters: Vel = 2.0 m s–1, А = 0.35 m, hv = 0.22 m, Δ = 0.08 m, bel = 1.2 m. The allowable speed for heap movement will be [V] = 1.62 m s–1, which will ensure the prevention of any heap clogging in front of the distributor. An analysis of the dependencies which have been obtained during the work shows that rational values for the distributor wing’s fitting angle fall within the range of α = 40°.