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Metsanduse ja inseneeria instituut

Selle valdkonna püsiv URIhttp://hdl.handle.net/10492/7076

Sirvi

Sirvi Metsanduse ja inseneeria instituut Märksõna "1990-ndad" järgi

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  • Pisipilt
    Kirje
    Implementation of the Land Reform in Estonia: Institutional Arrangement, Speed of Implementation and Land Plot Fragmentation
    (Eesti Maaülikool, 2017) Jürgenson, Evelin; Maasikamäe, Siim; Hiironen, Juhana (opponent); Parsova, Velta (oppenent)
    The implementation of land reform has been an important task in Estonia since the regaining of independence in 1991. Land reform is implemented according to the aim stated in the Land Reform Act and is carried out by the Government of the Republic through the Land Board, county governors and local governments. The implementation of that aim has created conflicts among different persons, for example, between entitled subjects of restitution and privatisation. A major obstacle in the process is land fragmentation; the land is more fragmented now than before the land nationalisation in 1940. The majority of work is delegated to the level of the municipality and depends upon their action; some have acted more quickly than others. Several factors, even land use characteristics, have influenced the speed of the implementation: in municipalities with a high proportion of arable land, reform has been quick; in contrast, reform of natural grassland slows the process. Each municipality had the possibility to fulfil land reform up to a certain level, after which the State had responsibility for unclaimed land. However, the state was not adequately prepared and created delays in the process. Some preconditions for quick implementation of land reform: knowledgeable and competent land reform implementation on the municipality level; active entitled subjects; the municipal area is covered by the applications; good quality land; state interest in retaining ownership of the land. These preconditions may occur in different combinations, with varying results.