Andmebaasi logo

3. Doktoritööd

Selle kollektsiooni püsiv URIhttp://hdl.handle.net/10492/2490

Sirvi

Sirvi 3. Doktoritööd Märksõna "agricultural engineering" järgi

Nüüd näidatakse 1 - 1 1
  • Pisipilt
    Kirje
    Influence of cultivation technologies on Fusarium spp. occurrence and production of mycotoxins in cereals
    (Eesti Maaülikool, 2021) Karron, Elina; Runno-Paurson, Eve; Niinemets, Ülo; Lauringson, Enn; Börjesson, Thomas (opponent)
    Microbiological and toxicological purity are important one indicators of the quality of cereals. Albeit the content of fusariosis and mycotoxins in the food cereals is not permitted, the feed grain may contain 0.1% Fusarium spp. grains and the levels of mycotoxins may not exceed the maximum levels established in the European Union. Earlier, in 1973–1992, the monitoring of cereal yields conducted by Lõiveke Heino showed that more than 79% of the samples contained grains infected with Fusarium fungi, and on average 54% of the samples monitored in 1998–2007 were infected with mycotoxins in Estonia. The results of several countries scientific studies show that agronomic techniques such as crop rotation, cultivation technology, fertilization, pesticide use, as well as the type and variety of cereals and weather conditions affect the spread of Fusarium fungi under field conditions and the formation of mycotoxins in grains. Until now, there was a lack of knowledge about the extent to which the cultivation technologies affect the Fusarium infestation and mycotoxin contamination of cereals in the Northern Baltic region. Thus, the following hypotheses were set in this dissertation: 1) that the use of barley-pea intercropping technology would reduce the infestation of Fusarium fungi on grain; 2) that the nitrogen fertilization of spring barley would increase the abundance of moulds, yeasts and Fusarium fungi on the grain; 3) the spraying with fungicide in flowering time reduce the incidence of Fusarium fungi, and the formation of mycotoxins DON, HT-2 and T-2 in the barley grains; 4) that the capacity of Fusarium spp. to produce mycotoxins depend on the available carbon and nitrogen sources and affected by environmental conditions. The results of this dissertation showed that the location of the field, the cultivation technology and the weather had a very strong effect on the occurrence of moulds, including Fusarium fungi, on cereals grains. However, the environment and the structure of carbon and nitrogen affected the formation of mycotoxins in the grains. Thus, the suitable cereal growing technologies enable to reduce the contamination of cereals with Fusarium fungi and mycotoxins in the northern climate conditions.