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Sirvi Autor "Viltrop, Arvo (advisor)" järgi

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  • Pisipilt
    Kirje
    Dynamics of the sex and age structure of wild boar population during the African swine fever epidemic in Estonia
    (Eesti Maaülikool, 2024) Hietala, Annariikka Kaarina; Viltrop, Arvo (advisor)
    African swine fever, a disease affecting the Suidae family, imposes significant economic losses on the pig industry. The main aim of this study was to explore the dynamics of the sex and age structure of wild boar population during the ASF epidemic in Estonia. Data was sourced from the Estonian Agriculture and Food Board, and it included data from January 2015 to December 2023 from all 15 counties in Estonia. We found that females were more likely to be found dead, but males were more likely to be hunted and killed in road accidents. These results indicated that females would be more susceptible for ASF, and males have higher value in hunting and by behavioural differences are more susceptible for road accidents. In trend analyses we observed declining proportion of females in found dead and hunted categories, which allows female population to increase even more. Were also found that female wild boars and those <1 year of age are significantly more frequently infected with ASF compared to males or other age groups respectively.
  • Pisipilt
    Kirje
    Epidemiology of African swine fever in Estonia after 2019
    (Eesti Maaülikool, 2025) Uutela, Suvi Pirita; Viltrop, Arvo (advisor); Chair of Clinical Veterinary Medicine
    African swine fever (ASF) poses a significant threat to both wild and domestic pig populations globally. In Estonia, detailed epidemiological analysis of ASF post-2019 has been limited. This study addresses this gap by investigating the epidemiology of ASF in Estonian wild boar populations and domestic pigs following 2019 focusing on the spatial and temporal distribution of the virus and seroprevalence across different age groups of wild boars to identify potential risk factors influencing ASF occurrence. Surveillance data from 2019 to 2024, encompassing hunted and found dead wild boar, were analyzed using descriptive statistics, regression analysis, and non-parametric tests. The study examined general trend and seasonality of ASF in wild boars as well as seroprevalence trends in different wild boar age groups. Also the associations of ASF with wild boar abundance was explored. Results indicated a significant increase in the proportion and number of polymerase chain reaction positive cases in wild boars in recent years. Seasonality analysis revealed distinct seasonal patterns in disease occurrence, particularly in hunted wild boar, with lower prevalence in the spring. Seroprevalence trend analysis suggested a declining trend in older animals, but increasing trend in the youngest age group. Spread of ASF remains active in Estonia's wild boar population, with a widespread prevalence escalation and transmission driven by complex factors beyond wild boar density. This underscores the need for enhanced monitoring and targeted interventions that incorporate spatial and temporal data, coupled with strengthened biosecurity measures across all commercial pig farms to mitigate spillover risk.