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Sirvi Autor "Viira, Ants-Hannes (advisor)" järgi

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  • Pisipilt
    Kirje
    Collaboration in Estonian rural tourism
    (Eesti Maaülikool, 2021) Pilving, Tarmo; Viira, Ants-Hannes (advisor); Kull, Tiiu (advisor); Suškevičs, Monika (advisor); Czernek-Marszałek, Katarzyna (opponent)
    Collaboration is important for fostering rural tourism and a way to overcome challenges. More knowledge can answer how collaboration changes, what keeps stakeholders in the collaboration, how collaboration can be beneficial, and what influences its sustainability. The purpose of this thesis is to identify what affects the evolution and sustainability of rural tourism collaboration in Estonia. Major institutional changes have offered opportunities but have also hindered tourism collaboration that is fragmented, informal and has no clear governance. There is a myriad of small informal tourism networks with limitations and weak links between them. Collaboration aims can differ between regional tourism networks, and strong connections between the members of one community do not necessarily produce strong ties with other communities. Joint aims are only attainable when bottom-up initiatives and top-down management exist in unison. The first aim of a successful tourism strategy should focus on the collaboration platform with initiation from a governing body that is accepted by all stakeholders. Shared collaborative identity helps to foster collaboration and bind the stakeholders but also push them away from each other. Identity creation is manifested on a collaboration platform where individual and collective identities interact and are influenced by the place, occupational, environmental and cultural identities of the stakeholders. Formalisation can make collaboration more attractive, but it is still framed by place, environment and culture. Collaboration networks can simultaneously follow formal and informal timelines during their life cycle where they can evolve in a cyclical way and the formal one adds more strength to the informal one. Rural tourism collaboration will never disappear completely, as it shifts from one condition to another. Its sustainability can be increased with the right use of the benefits that wider regional collaboration and the surrounding institutional environment offers. It increases trust and lowers the fear that the collaboration will fall into the wrong hands.
  • Pisipilt
    Kirje
    Evaluation of technical efficiency in farms and rural municipalities in Estonia using data envelopment analysis
    (Eesti Maaülikool, 2020) Luik-Lindsaar, Helis; Värnik, Rando (advisor); Viira, Ants-Hannes (advisor); Sipiläinen, Timo (opponent)
    Due to tight competition, agricultural enterprises aim towards high quality and low unit costs in their production, whilst opting for environmentally friendly production practices. Knowledge, skills, input quality, and production scale therefore play an equally important role in reaching efficiency. Inefficient resource use is problematic both at the level of a single enterprise and the entire sector. If resources are not used efficiently, the enterprise suffers from production losses or fails to sell its produced output due to its low quality, leading to decreased sales revenue and profit. To manage resources better, it is important to first assess the efficiency of agricultural producers and the factors that are related to efficiency or help predict it. This study assessed the technical efficiency of milk producers and cereal and oil crop growers. The conclusion of the study was that milk production efficiency could be increased by paying more attention to the herd's genetic selection and hygiene, and by aiming for a lower age at first calving. These factors help increase the cow’s lifetime milk yield per day, which is a key factor contributing towards efficiency. The question of efficient resource use is even more acute when public resources are used. Local municipalities get half of their revenue from personal income tax and must therefore offer taxpayers high quality services and infrastructure in return. The study assessed the efficiency of rural municipalities and the factors related to it. It was deduced that larger municipalities are more efficient and that efficient municipalities are characterised by a higher share of residents with higher education. It was also observed that less efficient municipalities had a higher rate of state support. Consequently, more efficient means of reducing inefficiency must be implemented in these municipalities in order to hinder further increase of inequality between municipalities, especially to the disadvantage of rural municipalities.
  • Pisipilt
    Kirje
    Food Price Inflation: Causes and Changes in consumers Behaviour in South-west Nigeria
    (Eesti Maaülikool, 2024) Kadelu, Adeola Olufunmilola; Viira, Ants-Hannes (advisor)
    Nigeria has faced significant inflation challenges over the past two decades; with rising food prices as a major concern. The people are increasingly forced to cut back on essential purchases, including food and personal care products, as they seek discounted offers and more affordable alternatives. This study investigates the factors influencing consumer responses to rising food prices in South-West Nigeria, using a mixed-method approach that integrates both qualitative and quantitative data. Quantitative data was sourced online with the aid of questionnaire and a total of 304 respondents were interviewed. The study used thematic analysis to analyze literatures from 2010 – 2023 to determine the causes of Food-Price inflation in Nigeria while logit regression analysis was used to examine the factors that determine change in behavior of consumers in response to increase in food prices. The research highlights the significant drivers of food price inflation, including currency depreciation, external shocks such as global oil price fluctuations, the removal of fuel subsidies, macroeconomic instability, and structural challenges within the agricultural sector. The logit analysis suggests that higher education levels decrease the likelihood of deciding not to purchase. Also, this finding shows that using strict coping strategies like skipping meals or buying less food makes people more likely to decide not to buy food products. In contrast, income levels do not show a significant relationship with purchase decision. Based on these findings, the study recommends policy interventions that include enhancing financial literacy programs, implementing increased wage reviews to boost purchasing power, Economic Stabilization and Agricultural Development, and expanding social protection strategies such as school feeding programs.