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    Anti-Müllerian hormone and carnitine concentration in the serum of Holstein cows
    (Eesti Maaülikool, 2019) Teppo, Pihla Alina Margarita; Kavak, Ants (juhendaja); Mark, Elina (juhendaja); Veterinaarmeditsiin
    Ovum pick up (OPU) and in vitro fertilization has become a popular way of producing genetically superior cattle. The quality of oocytes has a big impact on the outcome of this procedure. Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) concentration in serum has been used as a marker for morphologically healthy follicles in ovaries. L-Carnitine has been proven to work as a marker for certain diseases in cattle up to four weeks before clinical signs of disease appear. The aim of this study is to compare AMH L-carnitine concentration, body condition score, pregnancy status and oocyte quality, to determine the factors that affect the number of follicles punctured, cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) aspirated and the quality of them. The OPU procedure was used to get oocytes from 24 Holstein cows, 9 non-pregnant (NP, 46-48 days postpartum) and 15 pregnant (P, 44-85 days). On the day of OPU blood samples were obtained and BCS was evaluated. AMH concentration was analyzed with ELISA and L-carnitine with mass spectrometry. Results demonstrate that there is a positive correlation between the quality of the oocyte and the serum AMH concentration (r= 0.73, p=0.059). The pregnant animals had more morphologically healthy ovaries since they had a higher percentage of retrieved oocytes out of follicles aspirated (51.7%) compared to the non-pregnant animals (31.6%) and higher AMH concentration. In pregnant animals the AMH average is 0.28ng/ml and in nonpregnant animals 0.23ng/ml (p=0.255). L-Carnitine concentrations had a negative correlation (r=- 0.35, p=0.091) with the follicle count.