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Sirvi Autor "Muhamdiram, Subhashini" järgi

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    Dynamics of embryo-endometrial communication mediated by extracellular vesicles
    (Estonian University of Life Sciences, 2025) Muhamdiram, Subhashini; Fazeli, Alireza (advisor); Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences; Babalouka, Dimitrios Rizos (opponent)
    ABSTRACT. There has been a global decline in fertility rates in both humans and animals. Embryo implantation, the process by which the embryo attaches to the endometrium, is the first key step in establishing a pregnancy. Effective communication between the embryo and endometrium prior to implantation is essential for achieving a successful pregnancy. Although various cytokines, growth factors, and hormones are believed to play a role in this dialogue, recent research has highlighted the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in this interplay. However, the exact mechanisms of EV function in this context are still not completely understood. The main aim of this doctoral study was to identify a protein indicator of embryo-maternal dialogue mediated via EVs and use it to better understand the factors that influence this critical interplay preceding implantation. Using an in vitro embryo implantation model, we demonstrated that embryonic signals, delivered via EVs, can prime receptive endometrial epithelial cells to enrich their secretory proteome with key proteins vital for embryo implantation. Notably, we identified increased secretion of the MFGE8 protein from endometrial cells in response to embryonic EVs, serving as a marker of embryo-maternal communication. Our findings showed that EV mediated embryo maternal dialogue was influenced by a range of factors, including hormonal levels, the receptivity status of endometrial cells, the trophoblast cell microenvironment, EV dose, and the duration of EV-cell interaction. These results suggest that EV-mediated embryo-maternal communication may rely on both embryonic and endometrial factors. The findings of this PhD thesis could pave the way for a deeper understanding of the mechanisms through which embryonic EVs influence implantation, offering new opportunities to enhance fertility treatments for humans and animals.