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Sirvi Autor "Liashenko, V.V." järgi

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  • Pisipilt
    Kirje
    Formation of grain yield in corn hybrids of different FAO groups depending on sowing dates and plant density
    (Estonian University of Life Sciences, 2024) Shakalii, S.M.; Bahan, A.V.; Yurchenko, S.O.; Marenych, M.M.; Liashenko, V.V.; Chetveryk, O.O.; Shokalo, N.S.; Zubenko, V.V.
    Formation of productivity of any agricultural crop depends on many factors. First of all, the soil and climatic conditions of the crop growing area, varietal or hybrid composition, seed quality, sowing dates and plant density, and strict adherence to all methods of cultivation technology are important. Corn hybrids of different maturity groups differ in morphological and biological properties. Thus, obtaining the potential yield of an individual genotype is possible under favorable conditions for the growth and development of plants, including high-variety agricultural machinery and natural conditions. The maximum yield of high-quality corn grain is formed under the condition of the optimal ratio of all structural elements: weight of 1,000 grains, number of rows of grains in an ear, number of grains in a row, number of grains on one ear, length and diameter of an ear. If one structural element is insufficiently developed, the yield can be compensated by other components. Since individual elements of the structure are formed at different stages of organogenesis, different conditions are necessary for their successful development. The hybrids used in our research revealed peculiarities in the formation of elements of the crop structure, depending on the timing of sowing and stand density. The sizes of the cobs that formed on the corn plants varied little under the influence of sowing dates and plant stand density, but were characteristic of a certain biotype. Studies have shown that all factors of the experiment affect the growth, development of plants and the formation of elements of the structure of the corn grain crop. According to the results of the measurements, it was established that the best indicators of all structural elements were observed for sowing hybrids of different maturity groups in the optimal period - the third decade of April. The highest values of all indicators were observed in the Olkani hybrid, which is explained by the genotypic features of this hybrid.
  • Pisipilt
    Kirje
    Manifestation of elements of seed productivity of plants of the national collection of edible buckwheat (Fagopyrum Esculentum Moench.)
    (Estonian University of Life Sciences, 2026) Tryhub, O.V.; Liashenko, V.V.; Bahan, A.V.; Shakalii, S.M.; Yurchenko, S.O.; Rybalchenko, A.M.; Kryvoruchko, L.M.; Shevchuk, V.M.
    Today, a significant part of the zoned varieties of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.) are included in the national collection and are constantly monitored for a complex of economically and breeding-important traits. The purpose of the study is to investigate the variability and interrelationships of seed productivity indicators in samples of the national collection of buckwheat in terms of productivity and precocity. The research material was 232 samples of the national collection of buckwheat in Ukraine. The research was conducted during 2007–2024 in the conditions of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine (Ustymivsk Plant Research Station of the V.Ya. Yuryev Institute of Plant Production). According to the results of the research, the selected samples of buckwheat showed a yield level of more than 380 g m-2, plant and inflorescence productivity - more than 2.0 g and 0.05 g, respectively, and a weight of 1,000 grains of more than 22 g. Valuable sources of early maturity with a vegetation period of up to 72 days inclusive were identified. A high level of variation of the studied traits was established, in particular: yield, plant productivity, inflorescence productivity, lower branch attachment height, lower inflorescence attachment height (V = 23.4–50.0%). The weight of 1,000 grains, plant height, and the duration of the vegetation period had a low coefficient of variation (V = 23.4%), which indicated a stable manifestation of these traits. A strong relationship was noted between the height of the lower branch attachment and the height of the lower inflorescence attachment (r = 0.75), yield and plant productivity (r = 0.85). Correlations of medium strength were established between plant height and the duration of the growing season (r = 0.41), yield and inflorescence productivity (r = 0.64). Valuable sources of productivity and precocity were identified among the samples of the national collection of edible buckwheat. Highly productive samples of edible buckwheat were noted - P-470 and KDS-20-23 (in terms of yield, plant and inflorescence productivity); Yuvileyna 100, Yaroslavna and SYN 3/02 (in terms of yield, plant productivity and 1,000-grain weight). Samples of edible buckwheat P-370, P-396 and Sumchanka were identified for precocity.