Sirvi Autor "Kadyrov, S." järgi
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Kirje The effect of herbicides on seed productivity of Festulolium(2018) Obraztsov, V.; Shchedrina, D.; Kadyrov, S.An artificially developed intergeneric hybrid Festulolium (+Festulolium F. Aschers, et Graebn.) is the best forage crop with high energy and protein nutrition value which can be used for green fodder when creating cultural haylands and pastures. The advantages of this crop are high regrow capacity, high content of sugars and good winter hardiness. Wide use of this new crop in fodder production is constrained, firstly, because the crop is yet new and little known and, secondly, because there is a lack of seeds due to imperfections in the production technology. There are still very few scientific studies on the biology and technology of Festulolium cultivation in the forest-steppe of the Central Chernozem Region of Russia. In our works we were the first to study the biological features of Festulolium and develop the main technological methods of growing and harvesting its seeds. The work was carried out in long-term studies of the Department of Crop Science, Forage Production and Agricultural Technologies of Voronezh State Agrarian University in 2009 2011. The soil in the experimental plot was leached medium loamy chernozem. The experiments involved the VIK-90 Festulolium variety with the preceding crop being the vetch-oat mixture harvested for green fodder. The soil preparation was conventional for seed herbage of perennial grasses in the Central Chernozem Region. The associated records and observations were made according to conventional methods adopted in the seed production of perennial grasses. A high efficiency of the Aurorex (0.55 L ha -1 ) and the Dicamba (0.15 L ha -1 ) herbicides in the suppression of annual and perennial dicotyledonous weed plants has been identified. The application of these herbicides has significantly reduced (by 40-73%) the weed infestation of seed herbage in the first year of vegetation and, as a result, has improved its structure and crop quality. The use of the developed agricultural techniques allows reducing the energy costs and receiving an average of 433 496 kg ha -1 of certified seeds.Kirje Festulolium seed production dependence on fertilizer application system(2018) Obraztsov, V.; Shchedrina, D.; Kadyrov, S.Festulolium ( × Festulolium F. Aschers. et Graebn.) is a new perennial grass Роасеае family. The benefits of this culture are good regrow capacity, increased sugars content and higher winter hardiness. It can be used as a green feed when c reating cultivated hayfields and pastures. Widespread application of this new culture for forage production is constrained by the shortage of seeds, due to the imperfection of their production technologies. There are still very few of studies on the biolog y and technology of Festulolium cultivation in the forest - steppe of the Central Chernozem Region of Russia (CCR). The experiments involved the VIC - 90 Festulolium variety with the first crop being the vetch - oat mixture harvested for green fodder. The soil in the experimental plots was leached medium thick medium loamy chernozem. The humus content in the arable horizon was 4.56%, pH was 4.9, degree of base saturatio n was 74‒86%, P 2 O 5 content was 129 mg kg - 1 , K 2 O content was 115 mg kg - 1 (according to Chirikov) and the hydrothermal index was 1.13. The experiment included the following variants: no fertilizer application (control) and application of mineral fertilizers (ammonium nitrate and ammonium nitrate phosphate fertilizer) at different doses. Soil preparation was conventional for seed swards of perennial grasses in the CCR. Festulolium was sown in broad drills by coverless sowing to the depth of 0.5 – 1.0 cm at the s eeding rate of 6.0 kg ha - 1 . Experiments, records, observations and determination of economic and bioenergetic efficiency were carried out according to conventional procedures. It was found that the climatic conditions in the forest steppe of the CCR were f avorable for Festulolium seed cultivation. Application of mineral nitrogen fertilizers in autumn at a dose of 60 kg ha - 1 of active ingredient (AI) ensures the formation of high yielding erect seed - producing sward, and can increase harvest energy efficiency an average by 1.45‒1.82 times and obtain 591‒620 kg ha - 1 of certified seeds. The greatest profitability of production (179%) and the highest notional farm net income (RUB 43,000 per hectare) are provided by a single application of ammonium nitrate fertili zer at a dose of 60 kg ha - 1 of active ingredient in autumn (after vegetative mass topping).Kirje Film agents as an effective means of reducing seed shattering in Festulolium(2018) Obraztsov, V.; Shchedrina, D.; Kadyrov, S.In the conditions of the forest steppe of the Central Chernozem region, methods were studied to reduce shatter losses in the pre-harvesting period for Festulolium during the period 2009–2011, applying the film forming agents, Elastik (0.8–1.2 L ha-1), Bifaktor (0.8–1.2 L ha-1), and Metylan Universal Premium (1.4–3.8 kg ha-1). The agents were used at seed humidity levels of between 60–65%. Following anti-shattering treatment, seed moisture content gradually decreased. The application of film forming agents prevented seed shattering, and seeds were harvested by direct combining at a humidity of between 20–25% without heavy losses being suffered. Moreover, decreased seed losses due to film forming agents significantly reduced the cost of seed heap drying. In the control treatment, the seed yield amounted to 214.8 kg ha-1, and 360.7 kg ha-1 was lost as a result of natural seed shattering in the process of ripening. The Elastik and Bifaktor preparations prevented seed shattering and contributed to the preservation of a seed yield of between 522.1–563.5 kg ha-1. The application of film forming agents contributed to a reduction in losses during harvesting within the range of 9.7–16.8%. Application of the Metylan Universal Premium glue in the studied doses provided a significant increase of seed yield. The highest seed yield (490.1–495.2 kg ha-1) was obtained in the treatment which used a Metylan application at a dose of 3.0–3.4 kg ha-1, where seed shattering was reduced by 14.8–17.6%.Kirje Productivity of corn hybrids in relation to the seeding rate(2019) Kadyrov, S.; Kharitonov, M.Potential yield of corn hybrids with a different FAO number is limited by not only rainfall amount, average soil and air temperature throughout vegetation period, but also directly depends on plant density. The study and practical application of special agricultural techniques allows us to limit and mitigate the negative impact of these factors on the productivity of maize, depending on the indicators under study and the soil and climatic resources of the cultivation zone. Therefore, the study of the influence of the seeding rate on the growth and development of corn plants remains relevant. The results presented make it possible to choose optimal seeding rates for corn hybrids of early and middle groups of ripeness (FAO 180-280). Overcrowding from 61,000 to 93,000 seeds ha-1 leads to increase in interstage period 'sprouting–wax ripeness' of Rodnik 179SV hybrid for 4 days, of MAS 12R and AMELIOR hybrids–for 2 days, and of MAS 30K hybrid – for 3 days. Hybrids Rodnik 179SV and AMELIOR reached maximum height – 217 cm and 214 cm respectively – at seeding rate of 73,000 seeds ha-1 , while hybrids MAS 12R and MAS 30K grew up to their 213 cm and 223 cm respectively at seeding rate of 77,000 seeds ha-1 . Decrease in seeding rate to less than 73,000 seeds ha-1 and, contrary to it, overcrowding of seeds of more than 77,000 seeds ha-1 leads to decrease in corn hybrid plant height. Agronomically, the most efficient for maximizing early ripe Rodnik 179SV and MAS 12R hybrids yields (6.39 and 6.73 t ha-1 ) and middle-early ripe AMELIOR hybrid yield (6.81 t ha-1 ) was the seeding rate of 73,000 seeds ha-1 , while the highest yield of middle MAS 30K hybrid (7.21 t ha-1 ) was at the seeding rate of 77,000 seeds ha-1.