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3. Doktoritööd

Selle kollektsiooni püsiv URIhttp://hdl.handle.net/10492/2490

Sirvi

Sirvi 3. Doktoritööd Autor "Andrivon, Didier (opponent)" järgi

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    Diversity of potato late blight pathogen Phytophthora infestans in the Baltic populations
    (Eesti Maaülikool, 2020) Kiiker, Riinu; Mänd, Marika (advisor); Runno-Paurson, Eve (advisor); Andrivon, Didier (opponent)
    Late blight, caused by the oomycete Phytophthora infestans (Mont. de Bary 1876), is one of the most economically damaging plant diseases and certainly the most devastating disease in potato. The current research results of the Baltic P. infestans population are valuable and comparable with other populations on a larger scale because standardised genotyping methods were applied. The P. infestans populations of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania analysed with molecular SSR markers showed that frequent sexual recombination events have resulted in high genetic diversity, a large number of unique genotypes, and some local clones adapted to regional conditions. On the positive side, there was no evidence of invasive clonal lineages originating from other parts of Europe spreading or dominating in this region in the studied years. It would appear that local populations established from soilborne oospores early in the season are well adapted to the conditions in the Baltic countries. In the Estonian P. infestans population both mating types A1 and A2 were present at the majority of studied potato fields with nearly equal distribution of A1 and A2 isolates in the population. The evidence demonstrates that in the Baltic countries the introduction of a diverse population has established residential sexual populations in agricultural fields and the soil has become a source of inoculum. For sustainable potato production current disease management strategies should be adjusted according to the pathogen population status. Changes in pathogen populations directly affect the breeding and deployment of disease resistant cultivars, the performance of disease warning systems, and the efficacy of fungicides. Potato growers should be advised to implement late blight preventive measures, such as longer field rotation, to minimise oospore infections, and to use more disease resistant cultivars and high-quality seed potatoes. Timely fungicide treatments, using different active ingredients, in conventional fields are necessary to prevent foliage and tuber infection, stop late blight from spreading, and avoid resistance in pathogen populations.