Rakvere linna lähiümbruses aastatel 2005-2013 kehtestatud elamuarenduse detailplaneeringute kaardistamine ja analüüs

Abstract

Eestis algas intensiivne uusasumite rajamine linnatagustele maadele 2000. aastate alguses. Rakvere linna tagamaal sai suurem uuselamualade planeerimine alguse 2005 - 2006 aastal. Eestis on valglinnastumist uuritud peamiselt Tallinna ja Tartu tagamaal. Andmed planeerimistegevuse kohta väiksemate linnade tagamaal puuduvad. Käesoleva magistritöö eesmärgiks oli uurida millises mahus on aastatel 2005-2013 kehtestatud detailplaneeringutega elamuarendused Rakvere linna tagamaal realiseerunud ning välja selgitada detailplaneeringud, milliseid oleks mõtekas tulevikus realiseerida lähtuvalt nende pakutavast elukvaliteedist. Uurimistöö lähteandmeteks oli ajavahemikus 2005–2013 Sõmeru vallas, Vinni vallas ja Rakvere vallas kehtestatud elamuala detailplaneeringud, millega oli kavandatud viis ja enam pereelamu maa krunti. Käesolevas uuringus kasutati kombineeritud kvalitatiivseid uurimismeetodeid. Rakvere linna lähiümbruses on planeeritud elamuarendusi rohkem kui on tegelik vajadus nende järele. Rakvere lähiümbruse elamuala detailplaneeringud omavad valglinnastumise tunnuseid, kuna on orinteeritud autokasutusele. Vähem krunte kavandavad detailplaneeringud olid planeeritud monofunktsionaalsematena. Rakvere linna lähiümbruse elamuala suuremate detailplaneeringute koostamisel on arvestatud kvaliteetse elukeskkonna loomisega. Tulemustest selgus, et detailplaneeringute realiseerumist on soodustanud väiksema krundi arvuga detailplaneeringute kavandamine ja arendajate järjepidev ning sihipärane tegevus ja kiire reageerimine turunõudlusele. Kuid samas toob see kaasa monofunktsionaalsema elukeskkonna kavandamise.

The intensive establishment of new settlements to the urban areas in Estonia started at the beginning of the 2000-s. Major planning of new settlements near Rakvere began in 2005- 2006. Urban sprawl in Estonia has been studied mainly near Tartu and Tallinn. The information about planning activities nearby smaller towns is missing. The aim of the current thesis was to study the quantity of detailed plans of residential development established in 2005 – 2013 in the near vicinity of Rakvere and to ascertain detailed plans which were reasonable to realize in the future according to the quality of life they offer. Basic data of the research were detailed plans of housing areas established in counties Vinni, Sõmeru, and Rakvere in which were planned five and more family residential grounds between 2005-2013. For the present study combined qualitative research methods were used. There are more planned residential developments near Rakvere than the real necessity for them is. Detailed plans of housing area of the vicinity of Rakvere have the characteristics of urban sprawl as they are orientated to the usage of cars. Detailed plans with less grounds were planned more monofunctional. In compiling detailed plans of housing area near Rakvere the creation of high quality living environment has been taken into account. According to the results the realization of detailed plans is promoted by planning the detailed plans with smaller number of grounds, consistent and purposeful action of developers and fast response to the market demand. On the other hand it entails the designing more monofunctional living environment.