Haljastusse sobivad vähenõudlikud külmakindlad pargi- ja põõsasroosid

Abstract

Käesolevas bakalaureusetöös uuriti pargirooside looduslikke liike, liigilähedasi kultuursorte ja kultuurrooside rühmadesse kuuluvaid sorte. Töös toodi välja just põhjamaadesse kõige sobivamaid pikaealisi, külma- ja haiguskindlaid, vähese hooldusvajadusega, rohkelt õitsevaid, viljuvaid ja dekoratiivsemaid sorte. Siinkohal tuuakse tabelite (lisa 1 ja 2) kujul pargi- ja põõsasrooside omadused, mida parema haljastamise eesmärgil kasutada. Külma- ja haiguskindluse kohta on töö autor teinud vaatlused Tallinna Botaanikaaia rosaariumis. Vähem tähelepanu on pööratud pargi- ja põõsasrooside mullastikule, kuna üldiselt on teada nende vähenõudlikkus. Töös on käsitletud erinevaid sorte, kes sobivad mitmesugustesse haljastutüüpidesse, samuti dekoratiivsemaid ja korduvalt õitsevaid sorte. Tööst saab teha järelduse, et kõikidesse haljastutüüpidesse sobivad enam just R. rugosa hübriidid ja sordid, kes on hea taluvusega klimaatiliste tingimuste suhtes ja pole vastuvõtlikud haigustele, samuti dekoratiivsed ning korduvõitsejad ja viljuvad sordid. Vähe tähtis pole ka pargi- ja põõsasrooside laialdasem kasutus, mõeldes väikelindude ja pisiloomade populatsioonile. Töö annab uusi ja paremaid võimalusi oskuslikumalt ja laialdasemalt kasutada haljastuses pargi- ja põõsasroose.

This Bachelor thesis presents the research of the wild species of garden roses, similar cultivars and species of shrub roses. The thesis focused on the species that are the most suitable for the northern countries, are longevous, cold- and disease-resistant, low maintanance and bloom amply as well as fruit or are especially valued for their decorative characteristics. The characteristics of garden and shrub roses are presented in tables that assist in choosing suitable rose species for various green spaces. The species that are the most suitable for the northern climate have been brought forth in the thesis. The author of the thesis has carried through observations regarding cold- and disease-resistance of the roses in the Tallinn Botanic Garden. Garden and shrub roses are known for their unpretentiousness regarding the soil and as the Tallinn Botanic Garden has created equal conditions for all rose species in its rosarium, then less focus has been put on the soils of garden and shrub roses. Various species that are suitable for diverse green spaces have been handled in the thesis, including these that are more decorative and bloom repeteadly. As the main conclusion of the research, it was found that the most suitable species for all green spaces are the species and the hybrids of R. rugosa, which are known for their tolerance towards climate changes and disease-resistance as well as are decorative, bloom repeatedly and fruit. The Canadian garden and shrub roses have been used less frequently, therefore the recommendation to use them all over Estonia cannot be made. When considering the population of smaller birds and animals, the wider usage of garden and shrub roses is no less significant. This thesis provides a guideline of how to use garden and shrub roses more professionally and more widely in green spaces.